{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T11:05:19Z","timestamp":1785927919876,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange","award":["PPN\/BUA\/2019\/1\/00024\/U\/00001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPN\/BUA\/2019\/1\/00024\/U\/00001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fumonisins (FB) are metabolites found in cereal grains (including maize), crop products, and pelleted feed. There is a dearth of information concerning the effects of FB intoxication on the intestinal histomorphometry, the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins, and the bone structure and liver in pre-laying hens. The current experiment was carried out on hens from the 11th to the 14th week of age. The hens were orally administered an extract containing fumonisin B1 (FB1) and fumonisin B2 (FB2) at doses of 0.0 mg\/kg b.w. (body weight), 1.0 mg\/kg b.w., 4.0 mg\/kg b.w., and 10.9 mg\/kg b.w. for 21 days. Following FB intoxication, the epithelial integrity of the duodenum and jejunum was disrupted, and dose-dependent degenerative changes were observed in liver. An increased content of immature collagen was observed in the bone tissue of FB-intoxicated birds, indicating intensified bone turnover. A similar effect was observed with regards to the articular cartilage, where enhanced fibrillogenesis was observed mainly in the group of birds that received the FB extract at a dose of 10.9 mg\/kg b.w. In conclusion, FB intoxication resulted in negative structural changes in the bone tissue of the hens, which could result in worsened bone mechanics and an increase in the risk of bone fractures. Fumonisin administration, even at a dose of 1.0 mg\/kg b.w., can lead to degradation of the intestinal barrier and predispose hens to intestinal disturbances later in life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13060375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T22:02:23Z","timestamp":1621980143000},"page":"375","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Changes in the Intestinal Histomorphometry, the Expression of Intestinal Tight Junction Proteins, and the Bone Structure and Liver of Pre-Laying Hens Following Oral Administration of Fumonisins for 21 Days"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7574-2653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Tomaszewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 12, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4152-560X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Halyna","family":"Rudyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives, Donetska St. 11, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5873-9666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Dobrowolski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 19 Akademicka St., 20-033 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5072-016X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janine","family":"Donaldson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1053-0948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabela","family":"\u015awietlicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9145-1960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iwona","family":"Puzio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 12, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8593-611X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Kami\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dariusz","family":"Wi\u0105cek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Properties of Plant Materials, Bohdan Dobrza\u0144ski Institute of Agrophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Do\u015bwiadczalna St. 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volodymyr","family":"Kushnir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives, Donetska St. 11, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oksana","family":"Brezvyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives, Donetska St. 11, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktor","family":"Muzyka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives, Donetska St. 11, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Doraczy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4118-6302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siemowit","family":"Muszy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ihor","family":"Kotsyumbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives, Donetska St. 11, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-8401(98)00278-8","article-title":"A review of worldwide contamination of cereal grains and animal feed with Fusarium 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