{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T03:23:56Z","timestamp":1791429836383,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":226,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"German Research Foundation","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}]},{"name":"Open Access Publication Fund of TU Berlin","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fine-tuned by millions of years of evolution, snake venoms have frightened but also fascinated humanity and nowadays they constitute potential resources for drug development, therapeutics and antivenoms. The continuous progress of mass spectrometry techniques and latest advances in proteomics workflows enabled toxinologists to decipher venoms by modern omics technologies, so-called \u2018venomics\u2019. A tremendous upsurge reporting on snake venom proteomes could be observed. Within this review we focus on the highly venomous and widely distributed subfamily of Viperinae (Serpentes: Viperidae). A detailed public literature database search was performed (2003\u20132020) and we extensively reviewed all compositional venom studies of the so-called Old-World Vipers. In total, 54 studies resulted in 89 venom proteomes. The Viperinae venoms are dominated by four major, four secondary, six minor and several rare toxin families and peptides, respectively. The multitude of different venomics approaches complicates the comparison of venom composition datasets and therefore we differentiated between non-quantitative and three groups of quantitative workflows. The resulting direct comparisons within these groups show remarkable differences on the intra- and interspecies level across genera with a focus on regional differences. In summary, the present compilation is the first comprehensive up-to-date database on Viperinae venom proteomes and differentiating between analytical methods and workflows.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13060427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T21:29:16Z","timestamp":1623965356000},"page":"427","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Old World Vipers\u2014A Review about Snake Venom Proteomics of Viperinae and Their Variations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0810-3699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maik","family":"Damm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Stra\u00dfe des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1998-4033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin-Florian","family":"Hempel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charit\u00e9-Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, (BCRT), 10117 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7027-2069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roderich D.","family":"S\u00fcssmuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Stra\u00dfe des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2016.07.029","article-title":"Diversification in vipers: Phylogenetic relationships, time of divergence and shifts in speciation rates","volume":"105","author":"Alencar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Phylogenet. Evol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Figueroa, A., McKelvy, A.D., Grismer, L.L., Bell, C.D., and Lailvaux, S.P. (2016). A species-level phylogeny of extant snakes with description of a new colubrid subfamily and genus. 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