{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T02:59:02Z","timestamp":1784775542093,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,26]],"date-time":"2021-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>O80:H2 enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) of sequence type ST301 is one of the main serotypes causing European hemolytic and uremic syndrome, but also invasive infections, due to extra-intestinal virulence factors (VFs). Here, we determined whether other such heteropathotypes exist among ST301. EnteroBase was screened for ST301 strains that were included in a general SNP-phylogeny. French strains belonging to a new heteropathotype clone were sequenced. ST, hierarchical clusters (HC), serotype, resistome, and virulome were determined using EnteroBase, the CGE website, and local BLAST. The ST301 general phylogeny shows two groups. Group A (n = 25) is mainly composed of enteropathogenic E. coli, whereas group B (n = 55) includes mostly EHEC. Three serotypes, O186:H2, O45:H2 and O55:H9, share the same virulome as one of the O80:H2 sub-clones from which they derive subsequent O-antigen switches. The O55:H9 clone, mainly present in France (n = 29), as well as in the UK (n = 5) and Germany (n = 1), has a low background of genetic diversity (four HC20), although it has three Stx subtypes, an H-antigen switch, and genes encoding the major extra-intestinal VF yersiniabactin, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. Diverse heteropathotype clones genetically close to the O80:H2 clone are present among the ST301, requiring close European monitoring, especially the virulent O55:H9 clone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13100686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T23:08:31Z","timestamp":1632784111000},"page":"686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Emergence of New ST301 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Clones Harboring Extra-Intestinal Virulence Traits in Europe"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6484-0696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Cointe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>, AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Robert-Debr\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9481-515X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Etienne","family":"Bizot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>, AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Robert-Debr\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9208-5659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabine","family":"Delannoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Platform Identy Path, Food Safety Laboratory, ANSES, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Fach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Platform Identy Path, Food Safety Laboratory, ANSES, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Bidet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>, AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Robert-Debr\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Birgy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>, AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Robert-Debr\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois-Xavier","family":"Weill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>, Shigella et Salmonella, Institut Pasteur, Unit\u00e9s des Bact\u00e9ries Pathog\u00e8nes Ent\u00e9riques, 75015 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Lef\u00e8vre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>, Shigella et Salmonella, Institut Pasteur, Unit\u00e9s des Bact\u00e9ries Pathog\u00e8nes Ent\u00e9riques, 75015 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Mariani-Kurkdjian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>, AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Robert-Debr\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Bonacorsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>, AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Robert-Debr\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.10.1360","article-title":"Long-Term Renal Prognosis of Diarrhea-Associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression","volume":"290","author":"Garg","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201303133","article-title":"Heteropathogenic Virulence and Phylogeny Reveal Phased Pathogenic Metamorphosis in Escherichia coli O2:H6","volume":"6","author":"Bielaszewska","year":"2014","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. 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