{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T23:44:49Z","timestamp":1778802289046,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wound infection is frequently reported following snakebite (SB). This study is retrospective. It was conducted in the emergency department and the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Cayenne General Hospital between 1 January 2016 and 31 July 2021. We included 172 consecutive patients hospitalized for SB envenoming. All patients were monitored for wound infection. Sixty-three patients received antibiotics at admission (36.6%). The main antibiotic used was amoxicillin\u2013clavulanate (92.1%). Wound infection was recorded in 55 cases (32%). It was 19% in grade 1, 35% in grade 2, and 53% in grade 3. It included abscess (69.1%), necrotizing fasciitis (16.4%), and cellulitis (21.8%). The time from SB to wound infection was 6 days (IQR: 3\u20138). The main isolated microorganisms were A. hydrophila and M. morganii (37.5% and 18.8% of isolated organisms). Surgery was required in 48 patients (28.1%), and a necrosectomy was performed on 16 of them (33.3%). The independent factors associated with snakebite-associated infection were necrosis (p &lt; 0.001, OR 13.15, 95% CI: 4.04\u201342.84), thrombocytopenia (p = 0.002, OR: 3.37, 95% CI: 1.59\u20137.16), and rhabdomyolysis (p = 0.046, OR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.02\u20135.19). In conclusion, wound infection following SB is frequent, mainly in grade 2 and 3 envenomed patients, especially those with necrosis, thrombocytopenia, and rhabdomyolysis. The main involved bacteria are A. hydrophila and M. morganii.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14020089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T21:07:11Z","timestamp":1643144831000},"page":"89","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Characteristics of Snakebite-Related Infection in French Guiana"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Houcke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7273-2521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dabor","family":"Resiere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana, France"},{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Martinique University Hospital, 97261 Martinique, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guy Roger","family":"Lontsingoula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Lafouasse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8146-3362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean Marc","family":"Pujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Cayenne General Hospital, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magalie","family":"Demar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Department, Cayenne General Hospital, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Severine","family":"Matheus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Hommel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5663-0349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hatem","family":"Kallel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mutricy, R., Heckmann, X., Douine, M., Marty, C., Jolivet, A., Lambert, V., Perotti, F., Boels, D., Larr\u00e9ch\u00e9, S., and Chippaux, J.-P. 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