{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T16:48:26Z","timestamp":1776703706106,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,15]],"date-time":"2022-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bencard Allergie GmbH","award":["None"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["None"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001656","name":"Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZT-0027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZT-0027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001656","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Allergy to Polistes dominula (European paper wasp) venom is of particular relevance in Southern Europe, potentially becoming a threat in other regions in the near future, and can be effectively cured by venom immunotherapy (VIT). As allergen content in extracts may vary and have an impact on diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, the aim was to compare five therapeutic preparations for VIT of P. dominula venom allergy available in Spain. Products from five different suppliers were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and LC-MS\/MS and compared with a reference venom sample. Three products with P. dominula venom and one product with a venom mixture of American Polistes species showed a comparable band pattern in SDS-PAGE as the reference sample and the bands of the major allergens phospholipase A1 and antigen 5 were assignable. The other product, which consists of a mixture of American Polistes species, exhibited the typical band pattern in one, but not in another sample from a second batch. All annotated P. dominula allergens were detected at comparable levels in LC-MS\/MS analysis of products containing P. dominula venom. Due to a lack of genomic information on the American Polistes species, the remaining products were not analyzed by this method. The major Polistes allergens were present in comparable amounts in the majority, but not in all investigated samples of venom preparations for VIT of P. dominula venom allergy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14040284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T00:22:43Z","timestamp":1650414163000},"page":"284","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Allergen Content of Therapeutic Preparations for Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy of European Paper Wasp Venom Allergy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Johannes","family":"Grosch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz Association, 85764 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Lesur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantitative Biology Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8544-254X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Kler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 4354 Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6329-5542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Bernardin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantitative Biology Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3647-8623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gunnar","family":"Dittmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantitative Biology Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Francescato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Entomon SRL, 50012 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon J.","family":"Hewings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy Therapeutics PLC, Worthing BN14 8SA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2902-0393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constanze A.","family":"Jakwerth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz Association, 85764 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4826-3419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrich M.","family":"Zissler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz Association, 85764 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew D.","family":"Heath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy Therapeutics PLC, Worthing BN14 8SA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Ollert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 4354 Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3740-4733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias F.","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy Therapeutics PLC, Worthing BN14 8SA, UK"},{"name":"Bencard Allergie GmbH, 80804 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Hilger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 4354 Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Beatrice","family":"Bil\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona and Allergy Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Ancona, 60121 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carsten B.","family":"Schmidt-Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz Association, 85764 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Blank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz Association, 85764 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000574","article-title":"The role of component-resolved diagnosis in Hymenoptera venom allergy","volume":"19","author":"Bilo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. 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