{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T02:52:48Z","timestamp":1785034368976,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]],"date-time":"2022-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study reported reproductive pathologies associated with Echis ocellatus venom in animal model. Twenty male Wistar rats with body weight between 180 and 220 g were selected randomly into two groups (n = 10). Rats in group 1 served as the control while rats in group 2 were envenomed with a single intraperitoneal injection of 0.055 mg\/kg\u22121 (LD6.25) of E. ocellatus venom on the first day and a repeated dose on the twenty fifth day. Both control and envenomed rats were monitored for fifty consecutive days. The venom caused a significant (p &lt; 0.05) reduction in sperm motility, count, and volume, with increased sperm anomalies in envenomed rats compared to the control. Likewise, serum concentrations of male reproductive hormones were significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher in envenomed rats. Increased levels of malondialdehyde were accompanied by a significant (p &lt; 0.05) decrease in reduced glutathione and catalase activity in the epididymis and testis tissues of envenomed rats. The venom enhanced the release of epididymal and testicular tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin1-beta compared to the control. Furthermore, severe pathological defects were noticed in tissues of the testis and epididymis of envenomed rats. This study demonstrated that E. ocellatus venom toxins can induce reproductive dysfunction in male victims of snake envenoming.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14060378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T05:25:42Z","timestamp":1653974742000},"page":"378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Echis ocellatus Venom-Induced Reproductive Pathologies in Rat Model; Roles of Oxidative Stress and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4471-5334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Babafemi Siji","family":"Ajisebiola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Osun State University, Osogbo 230232, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscilla Ifeoluwa","family":"Alamu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Osun State University, Osogbo 230232, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3276-8914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adewale Segun","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Program, Department of Chemical Science, Augustine University, Lagos 1010, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akindele Oluwatosin","family":"Adeyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10952","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.102497","article-title":"Global, regional, and national prevalence and disability-adjusted life-years for infertility in 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: Results from a global burden of disease study, 2017","volume":"11","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"WHO (2016, June 22). 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