{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:18:03Z","timestamp":1790709483888,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)\u2014Brazil","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014\/15863-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014\/15863-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)\u2014Brazil","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04585\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04585\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["2014\/15863-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014\/15863-7"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["UIDB\/04585\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04585\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study assessed the effects of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) in mandibular range of motion and muscle tenderness to palpation in persistent myofascial pain (MFP) patients (ReBEC RBR-2d4vvv). Eighty consecutive female subjects with persistent MFP, were randomly divided into four groups (n = 20): three BoNT-A groups with different doses and a saline solution group (placebo control group). Treatments were injected bilaterally in the masseter and anterior temporalis muscle in a single session. Clinical measurements of mandibular movements included: pain-free opening, maximum unassisted and assisted opening, and right and left lateral excursions. Palpation tests were performed bilaterally in the masseter and temporalis muscle. Follow-up occurred 28 and 180 days after treatment. For the statistical analysis the Mann\u2013Whitney U-test with Bonferroni correction was used for groups comparisons. Regardless of dose, all parameters of mandibular range of motion significantly improved after 180 days in all BoNT-A groups, compared with the control group. Palpation pain over the masseter and temporalis muscles were significantly reduced in all BoNT-A groups regardless of dose, compared with the control group, after 28 and 180 days of treatment. Independent of doses, BoNT-A improved mandibular range of motion and muscle tenderness to palpation in persistent MFP patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14070441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T01:38:48Z","timestamp":1656553128000},"page":"441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Type-A I in the Improvement of Mandibular Motion and Muscle Sensibility in Myofascial Pain TMD Subjects: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0921-342X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giancarlo","family":"De la Torre Canales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz\u2014Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Ing\u00e1 University Center, Uning\u00e1, Maringa 87020-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Lorenzi","family":"Poluha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, State University of Maringa, Maringa 87020-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia Alvarez","family":"Pinz\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituci\u00f3n Universitaria Colegios de Colombia-Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n del Colegio Odontol\u00f3gico (CICO) 20, Bogot\u00e1 111611, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno Rodrigues","family":"Da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice\u2014Boavista Avenue, 4100-139 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4389-2825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andre Mariz","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz\u2014Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4152-5439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malin","family":"Ernberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and the Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9881-3338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Cristina","family":"Manso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz\u2014Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo Rigoldi","family":"Bonjardim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bauru Orofacial Pain Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo 17012-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1709-2987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9lia Marisa","family":"Rizzatti-Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ing\u00e1 University Center, Uning\u00e1, Maringa 87020-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.2319\/041613-295.1","article-title":"Dental malocclusion is not related to temporomandibular joint clicking: A logistic regression analysis in a patient population","volume":"84","author":"Manfredini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-010-0444-4","article-title":"Correlation of RDC\/TMD axis I diagnoses and axis II pain-related disability. 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