{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:19:03Z","timestamp":1791847143755,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is increasingly used in treating masticatory muscle pain disorder; however, safe doses and reinjection intervals still need to be established. The purpose of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the degree and duration of the impairment of masticatory muscle performance. Fifty-seven subjects were randomly divided into two groups: one of which received BoNT-A first (n = 28) while the other received saline first (n = 29), with the cross-over being in week 16, and a total follow-up period of 32 weeks. A total dose of 50 U of BoNT-A was injected in the masseter and temporal muscles bilaterally. Electromyographic (EMG) activity and bite forces were assessed. A significant reduction in EMG activity was observed up to week 18 (p \u2264 001), with total recovery at week 33. A significant reduction in maximum bite force was observed up to week 11 (p \u2264 005), with total recovery at week 25. In conclusion, when treating masticatory muscle pain disorder with 50 U of BoNT-A, a reinjection interval of 33 weeks can be considered safe since the recovery of muscle function occurs by that time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14080545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T09:47:06Z","timestamp":1660124826000},"page":"545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Effect of Botulinum Toxin Injection on EMG Activity and Bite Force in Masticatory Muscle Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8742-1128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria","family":"Sitnikova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00280 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4921-4045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antti","family":"K\u00e4mppi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00280 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olli","family":"Teronen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Clinic, Private Practice Mehil\u00e4inen, 00100 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0555-4523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pentti","family":"Kemppainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00280 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Oral and Dental Centre, Helsinki University Central Hospital (HUCH), 00290 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-010-0444-4","article-title":"Correlation of RDC\/TMD axis I diagnoses and axis II pain-related disability. 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