{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:50:05Z","timestamp":1790419805379,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Physiotherapy is mentioned as an adjunctive treatment to improve the symptoms of cervical dystonia in terms of pain, function and quality of life. However, botulinum neurotoxin injection remains the treatment of choice. This systematic review emphasizes physical therapy and evaluates it by including six studies. The methodology is based on a previous systematic review on this topic to provide better comparability and actuality. For this purpose, two databases were searched using the previously published keywords. This time, only randomised controlled trials were evaluated to increase the power. In conclusion, additional physical therapy and active home exercise programs appear to be useful. Further research should focus on the dose\u2013response principle to emphasize physical therapy treatment modalities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14110784","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T04:24:10Z","timestamp":1668399850000},"page":"784","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Physiotherapy for Cervical Dystonia: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3538-234X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dana","family":"Loudovici-Krug","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiotherapy, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Derlien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiotherapy, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9057-6315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norman","family":"Best","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiotherapy, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albrecht","family":"G\u00fcnther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hans-Berger-Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25475","article-title":"Phenomenology and classification of dystonia: A consensus update","volume":"28","author":"Albanese","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mov. 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Leitlinien f\u00fcr Diagnostik und Therapie in der Neurologie, Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Neurologie."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-013-7220-8","article-title":"The effectiveness of physiotherapy for cervical dystonia: A systematic literature review","volume":"261","author":"Meirte","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loudovici-Krug, D., G\u00fcnther, A., Best, N., and Derlien, S. (2022, July 25). Physiotherapy for Cervical Dystonia: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Available online: https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/display_record.php?RecordID=333352.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14110784"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-021-01626-4","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"10","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphys.2019.08.005","article-title":"Clinimetrics: Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) Scale","volume":"66","author":"Cashin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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Neural Repair"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05705-8","article-title":"Study protocol: Multimodal physiotherapy as an add-on treatment to botulinum neurotoxin type A therapy for patients with cervical dystonia: DysPT-multi\u2014A prospective, multicentre, single-blind, randomized, controlled study","volume":"22","author":"Werner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trials"}],"container-title":["Toxins"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6651\/14\/11\/784\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:14:24Z","timestamp":1760145264000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6651\/14\/11\/784"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["toxins14110784"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/toxins14110784","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6651"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6651","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]}}}