{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:34:04Z","timestamp":1760232844470,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016A030313300","2020B1111170006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016A030313300","2020B1111170006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases","award":["2016A030313300","2020B1111170006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016A030313300","2020B1111170006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome (IC\/BPS) is an intractable disease without long-term effective therapy. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin A (BoNT\/A) plus Sapylin, which might modulate the immune response of the bladder in the treatment of IC\/BPS patients. We retrospectively investigated the clinical outcomes among 34 patients who accepted repeated Sapylin instillations after 200 U of BoNT\/A submucosally injected into bladder walls (Mix group) and 28 patients who received BoNT\/A alone (Control group). Each of the bladder walls (left, right, anterior and posterior) was injected six times with 8 U of BoNT\/A per injection. The primary outcome measure was the global response assessment. The results showed that at 6 months post-injection, the response rate in the Mix group was remarkably higher than that in the Control group (58.8% vs. 28.6%, p &lt; 0.05). The mean effective duration of the responders in the Mix group was apparently better than that in the Control group (27.5 (range 0\u201389) vs. 4.9 (range 0\u201311) months, p &lt; 0.05). None of the patients experienced serious adverse events. In conclusion, repeated intravesical instillations of Sapylin after BoNT\/A injection can produce significantly better clinical outcomes than BoNT\/A alone in IC\/PBS patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14120832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T07:10:27Z","timestamp":1669792227000},"page":"832","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Preliminary Exploration of a New Therapy for Interstitial Cystitis\/Bladder Pain Syndrome: Botulinum Toxin A Combined with Sapylin"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Wenshuang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Department of Urology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenming","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaiqun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caixia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuiqing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paierhati","family":"Tayier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0258-6650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yousheng","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.14234","article-title":"Clinical guidelines for interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Homma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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