{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T07:00:39Z","timestamp":1781593239989,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]],"date-time":"2023-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pain catastrophizing and cutaneous allodynia are commonly altered in patients with chronic migraine associated with medication overuse headache (CM-MOH) and tend to improve in parallel with clinical improvement. The relation between pain catastrophizing and cutaneous allodynia is poorly understood in patients with CM-MOH receiving OnabotulinumtoxinA therapy. In this single-arm open-label longitudinal observational study, patients with CM-MOH were assigned to structured withdrawal and then administered OnabotulinumtoxinA (5 sessions on a three-month basis, 195 UI per 31 sites). Headache frequency, medication intake, disability, impact, cutaneous allodynia and pain catastrophizing were evaluated with specific questionnaires. In total, 96 patients were enrolled and 79 completed the 12-month follow-up. With the exclusion of cutaneous allodynia and the magnification subscale of the pain catastrophizing questionnaire, all variables showed significant improvement by the sixth month, which was maintained at 12 months. Reduction of pain catastrophizing, and particularly of its helplessness subscale, was a significant predictor of reduction in headache frequency and medication intake. Pain catastrophizing is often implicated in the clinical improvement in patients with CM-MOH receiving behavioral treatments, but, in this study, also showed a role in patients receiving OnabotulinumtoxinA; combining OnabotulinumtoxinA and behavioral treatments specifically addressing pain catastrophizing might further enhance patients\u2019 clinical outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins15020086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T03:04:44Z","timestamp":1674011084000},"page":"86","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A Single-Group Study on the Effect of OnabotulinumtoxinA in Patients with Chronic Migraine Associated with Medication Overuse Headache: Pain Catastrophizing Plays a Role"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Licia","family":"Grazzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Cefalee, Fondazione IRRCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo Antonio","family":"Montisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Cefalee, Fondazione IRRCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Rizzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham & Women\u2019s Faulkner Hospital, John Graham Headacche Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Guastafierro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Neurologia Salute Pubblica e Disabilit\u00e0, Fondazione IRRCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Marcassoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Neurologia Salute Pubblica e Disabilit\u00e0, Fondazione IRRCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4228-5473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arianna","family":"Fornari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Neurologia Salute Pubblica e Disabilit\u00e0, Fondazione IRRCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7433-7779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Raggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Neurologia Salute Pubblica e Disabilit\u00e0, Fondazione IRRCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) (2018). 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