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Southeast Asia, that belongs to the Culicidae family and the Dipteran insect order. The distribution of this vector has rapidly changed over the past decade, making most of the temperate territories in the world vulnerable to important human vector-borne diseases such as dengue, yellow fever, zika or chikungunya. Bacillus thuringiensis var. israeliensis (Bti)-based insecticides represent a realistic alternative to the most common synthetic insecticides for the control of mosquito larvae. However, several studies have revealed emerging resistances to the major Bti Crystal proteins such as Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba and Cry11Aa, making the finding of new toxins necessary to diminish the exposure to the same toxicity factors overtime. Here, we characterized the individual activity of Cyt1Aa, Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba and Cry11Aa against A. albopictus and found a new protein, Cyt1A-like, that increases the activity of Cry11Aa more than 20-fold. Additionally, we demonstrated that Cyt1A-like facilitates the activity three new Bti toxins: Cry53-like, Cry56A-like and Tpp36-like. All in all, these results provide alternatives to the currently available Bti products for the control of mosquito populations and position Cyt proteins as enablers of activity for otherwise non-active crystal proteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins15030211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T03:03:57Z","timestamp":1678676637000},"page":"211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Bacillus thuringiensis Cyt Proteins as Enablers of Activity of Cry and Tpp Toxins against Aedes albopictus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6428-0078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana","family":"Lai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology-IMAB, Universidad P\u00fablica de Navarra, 31192 Mutilva, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Bioinsectis SL, Plaza Cein 5, Nave A14, 31110 No\u00e1in, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maite","family":"Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Bioinsectis SL, Plaza Cein 5, Nave A14, 31110 No\u00e1in, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ane","family":"Muruzabal-Galarza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agrobiotecnolog\u00eda (IDAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, 31192 Mutilva, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3301-6503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Beatriz","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Bioinsectis SL, Plaza Cein 5, Nave A14, 31110 No\u00e1in, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Argine","family":"Unzue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Bioinsectis SL, Plaza Cein 5, Nave A14, 31110 No\u00e1in, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8148-6281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Toledo-Arana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agrobiotecnolog\u00eda (IDAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, 31192 Mutilva, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Primitivo","family":"Caballero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology-IMAB, Universidad P\u00fablica de Navarra, 31192 Mutilva, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos J.","family":"Caballero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Bioinsectis SL, Plaza Cein 5, Nave A14, 31110 No\u00e1in, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.1991.67","article-title":"Geographic Origin of the US and Brazilian Aedes Albopictus Inferred from Allozyme Analysis","volume":"67","author":"Kambhampati","year":"1991","journal-title":"Heredity"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2013.07.003","article-title":"The Invasive Mosquito Species Aedes Albopictus: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives","volume":"29","author":"Bonizzoni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"340","article-title":"Introduction and Establishment of Aedes (Stegomyia) Albopictus Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) in Albania","volume":"14","author":"Adhami","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. 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