{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:03:45Z","timestamp":1791893025564,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation","award":["TCMF-SP-108-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TCMF-SP-108-01"]}]},{"name":"Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation","award":["TCMF-MP-110-03-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TCMF-MP-110-03-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), such as urgency, urinary incontinence, and\/or difficulty voiding, hamper the quality of life (QoL) of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). If not managed adequately, urological complications, such as urinary tract infection or renal function deterioration, may further deteriorate the patient\u2019s QoL. Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injection within the detrusor muscle or urethral sphincter yields satisfactory therapeutic effects for treating urinary incontinence or facilitating efficient voiding; however, adverse effects inevitably follow its therapeutic efficacy. It is important to weigh the merits and demerits of BoNT-A injection for LUTS and provide an optimal management strategy for SCI patients. This paper summarizes different aspects of the application of BoNT-A injection for lower urinary tract dysfunctions in SCI patients and provides an overview of the benefits and drawbacks of this treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins15040288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T04:45:32Z","timestamp":1681706732000},"page":"288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Treating Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury Patients\u2014When Intravesical Botox Injection or Urethral Botox Injection Are Indicated"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7647-0760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Po-Cheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Urologic Department, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237414, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kau-Han","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0701-2285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Chia","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8897-1375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting-Chun","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taiwan Adventist Hospital, Taipei City 10556, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7466-5510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuh-Chen","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Yangming Branch of Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 11146, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei 111036, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing-Juin","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 23148, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9414-8660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Hou","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 23148, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1262-5361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"En","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4147-9041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yao-Lin","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8193-403X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yung-Chin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7165-4771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hann-Chorng","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Global prevalence and incidence of traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"6","author":"Singh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. 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