{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:38:09Z","timestamp":1790638689780,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,3]],"date-time":"2023-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The present study was funded by Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH","award":["Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Several studies have considered Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A injections effective in treating temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) symptoms. A double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial investigated the benefit of complementary incobotulinumtoxinA (inco-BoNT\/A) injections in the masticatory muscles of patients submitted to bilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthroscopy. Methods: Fifteen patients with TMD and an indication for bilateral TMJ arthroscopy were randomized into inco-BoNT\/A (Xeomin, 100 U) or placebo groups (saline solution). Injections were carried out five days before TMJ arthroscopy. The primary outcome variable was a Visual Analogue Scale for TMJ arthralgia, and secondary outcomes were the myalgia degree, maximum mouth opening, and joint clicks. All outcome variables were assessed preoperatively (T0) and postoperatively (T1\u2014week 5; T2\u20146-month follow-up). Results: At T1, the outcomes in the inco-BoNT\/A group were improved, but not significantly more than in the placebo group. At T2, significant improvements in the TMJ arthralgia and myalgia scores were observed in the inco-BoNT\/A group compared to the placebo. A higher number of postoperative reinterventions with further TMJ treatments were observed in the placebo group compared to inco-BoNT\/A (63% vs. 14%). Conclusions: In patients submitted to TMJ arthroscopy, statistically significant long-term differences were observed between the placebo and inco-BoNT\/A groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins15060376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]],"date-time":"2023-06-05T02:18:29Z","timestamp":1685931509000},"page":"376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Outcomes of IncobotulinumtoxinA Injection on Myalgia and Arthralgia in Patients Undergoing Temporomandibular Joint Arthroscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8411-9946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Faustino","family":"\u00c2ngelo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Portugu\u00eas da Face, 1050-227 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"},{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Universit\u00e1ria de Estomatologia, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Lisboa Norte-Hospital de Santa Maria, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Sanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Portugu\u00eas da Face, 1050-227 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1293-2107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Maffia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Portugu\u00eas da Face, 1050-227 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5750-2875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrique Jos\u00e9","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Portugu\u00eas da Face, 1050-227 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2019.09.002","article-title":"Predictive factors in temporomandibular joint arthroscopy: A prospective cohort short-term outcome study","volume":"49","author":"Ulmner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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