{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T16:21:30Z","timestamp":1793463690742,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]],"date-time":"2023-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda (CONACyT)","award":["819358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["819358"]}]},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda (CONACyT)","award":["IT200321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT200321"]}]},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda (CONACyT)","award":["303045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["303045"]}]},{"name":"DGAPA-UNAM","award":["819358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["819358"]}]},{"name":"DGAPA-UNAM","award":["IT200321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT200321"]}]},{"name":"DGAPA-UNAM","award":["303045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["303045"]}]},{"name":"CONACyT-PRONAII","award":["819358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["819358"]}]},{"name":"CONACyT-PRONAII","award":["IT200321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT200321"]}]},{"name":"CONACyT-PRONAII","award":["303045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["303045"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chihuahua is the largest state in Mexico. The ecosystem of this region is composed of large area of bushes, forests, and grasslands, which allows for a specific diversity of fauna; among them are interesting species of non-lethal scorpions. Most of the Chihuahuan scorpions have been previously morphologically and molecularly described; however, this manuscript could be the first to describe the composition of those venoms. This work aimed at the collection of two scorpion species from the region of Jim\u00e9nez (Southwest of the State of Chihuahua), which belong to the species Chihuahuanus cohauilae and Chihuahuanus crassimanus; the two species were taxonomically and molecularly identified using a 16S DNA marker. Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) of C. coahuilae and C. crassimanus venoms allowed the identification of three fractions lethal to mice. Additionally, three fractions of each scorpion displayed an effect on house crickets. In the end, three new fractions from the venom of C. coahuilae were positive for antimicrobial activity, although none from C. crassimanus venom displayed growth inhibition. Despite being a preliminary study, the venom biochemical analysis of these two uncharacterized scorpion species opens the opportunity to find new molecules with potential applications in the biomedical and biotechnological fields.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins15070416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T00:45:11Z","timestamp":1687913111000},"page":"416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Identification and Venom Characterization of Two Scorpions from the State of Chihuahua Mexico: Chihuahuanus coahuliae and Chihuahuanus crassimannus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0308-046X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Alvarado-Gonzalez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Traslational Research Laboratory, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario s\/n, Campus II, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico"},{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario s\/n, Campus II, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7671-813X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herlinda","family":"Clement","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biotecnolog\u00eda\u2014UNAM, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lourdes","family":"Ballinas-Casarrubias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario s\/n, Campus II, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4066-0586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelica","family":"Escarcega-Avila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Sciences Department, Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez, Ciudad Juarez 32310, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Arenas-Sosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biotecnolog\u00eda\u2014UNAM, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karla Sofia","family":"Lopez-Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Traslational Research Laboratory, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario s\/n, Campus II, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Zamudio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biotecnolog\u00eda\u2014UNAM, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9513-1622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerardo","family":"Corzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biotecnolog\u00eda\u2014UNAM, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9549-0676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerardo Pavel","family":"Espino-Solis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Traslational Research Laboratory, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario s\/n, Campus II, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico"},{"name":"Laboratorio Nacional de Citometr\u00eda de Flujo, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario s\/n, Campus II, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.13156\/arac.2013.16.1.27","article-title":"Scorpion Fragments from the Silurian of Powys, Wales","volume":"16","author":"Dunlop","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arachnology"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Scorpions from Northern Mexico; Five New Species of Vejovis from Coahuila, Mexico","volume":"68","author":"Williams","year":"1968","journal-title":"Occas. 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