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However, the emergence of insecticide resistance in A.\u00a0aegypti undermines current control efforts. Arachnid venoms are rich in toxins with activity against dipteran insects and we therefore employed a panel of 41 spider and 9 scorpion venoms to screen for mosquitocidal toxins. Using an assay-guided fractionation approach, we isolated two peptides from the venom of the tarantula Lasiodora klugi with activity against adult A. aegypti. The isolated peptides were named U-TRTX-Lk1a and U-TRTX-Lk2a and comprised 41 and 49 residues with monoisotopic masses of 4687.02 Da and 5718.88 Da, respectively. U-TRTX-Lk1a exhibited an LD50 of 38.3 pmol\/g when injected into A. aegypti and its modeled structure conformed to the inhibitor cystine knot motif. U-TRTX-Lk2a has an LD50 of 45.4 pmol\/g against adult A. aegypti and its predicted structure conforms to the disulfide-directed \u03b2-hairpin motif. These spider-venom peptides represent potential leads for the development of novel control agents for A. aegypti.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins15070418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T00:45:11Z","timestamp":1687913111000},"page":"418","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Two Novel Mosquitocidal Peptides Isolated from the Venom of the Bahia Scarlet Tarantula (Lasiodora klugi)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jamila","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna 810107, Nigeria"},{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1296-6593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew A.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8783-1557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo D.","family":"Perdomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7284-1058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaodong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3157-4114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha A.","family":"Nixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3594-9588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Vetter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hilary I.","family":"Okoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye 371104, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dalhatu M.","family":"Shehu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna 810107, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed N.","family":"Shuaibu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna 810107, Nigeria"},{"name":"Centre for Biotechnology Research and Training, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna 810107, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2739-9221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iliya S.","family":"Ndams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna 810107, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2308-2200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Glenn F.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2514-3983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Volker","family":"Herzig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the 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