{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T21:39:21Z","timestamp":1785533961136,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-18-CE17-0026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-18-CE17-0026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bothrops venoms are rich in enzymes acting on platelets and coagulation. This action is dependent on two major co-factors, i.e., calcium and phospholipids, while antivenoms variably neutralize venom-related coagulopathy effects. Our aims were (i) to describe the composition of B. atrox and B. lanceolatus venoms; (ii) to study their activity on the whole blood using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM); (iii) to evaluate the contribution of calcium and phospholipids in their activity; and (iv) to compare the effectiveness of four antivenoms (Bothrofav\u2122, Inoserp\u2122 South America, Antivipmyn\u2122 TRI, and PoliVal-ICP\u2122) on the procoagulant activity of these two venoms. Venom composition was comparable. Both venoms exhibited hypercoagulant effects. B. lanceolatus venom was completely dependent on calcium but less dependent on phospholipids than B. atrox venom to induce in vitro coagulation. The four antivenoms neutralized the procoagulant activity of the two venoms; however, with quantitative differences. Bothrofav\u2122 was more effective against both venoms than the three other antivenoms. The relatively similar venom-induced effects in vitro were unexpected considering the opposite clinical manifestations resulting from envenomation (i.e., systemic bleeding with B. atrox and thrombosis with B. lanceolatus). In vivo studies are warranted to better understand the pathophysiology of systemic bleeding and thrombosis associated with Bothrops bites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins15100614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T01:31:22Z","timestamp":1697419882000},"page":"614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Bothrops atrox and Bothrops lanceolatus Venoms In Vitro Investigation: Composition, Procoagulant Effects, Co-Factor Dependency, and Correction Using Antivenoms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8961-7132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Larr\u00e9ch\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, UMRS-1144, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, F-75006 Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, B\u00e9gin Military Teaching Hospital, F-94160 Saint-Mand\u00e9, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurore","family":"Bousquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, B\u00e9gin Military Teaching Hospital, F-94160 Saint-Mand\u00e9, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2910-9117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucie","family":"Chevillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, UMRS-1144, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, F-75006 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rabah","family":"Gahoual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies for Health Unit, CNRS UMR 8258, Inserm, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, F-75006 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8738-5975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georges","family":"Jourdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovative Therapies in Hemostasis, Inserm, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, F-75006 Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Biological Hematology, Lariboisi\u00e8re Hospital, Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, F-75010 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Laure","family":"Dupart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, B\u00e9gin Military Teaching Hospital, F-94160 Saint-Mand\u00e9, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6264-902X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christilla","family":"Bachelot-Loza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovative Therapies in Hemostasis, Inserm, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, F-75006 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Gaussem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovative Therapies in Hemostasis, Inserm, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, F-75006 Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Hematology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, F-75015 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginie","family":"Siguret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovative Therapies in Hemostasis, Inserm, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, F-75006 Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Biological Hematology, Lariboisi\u00e8re Hospital, Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, F-75010 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1976-8568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Philippe","family":"Chippaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9,  F-75006 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2522-2764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"M\u00e9garbane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, UMRS-1144, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, F-75006 Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Toxicological Critical Care, Federation of Toxicology, Lariboisi\u00e8re Hospital, Assistance Publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, F-75010 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61159-4","article-title":"International Society on Toxinology the Global Snake Bite Initiative: An Antidote for Snake Bite","volume":"375","author":"Williams","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Lond. 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