{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T00:20:18Z","timestamp":1793665218222,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Subcutaneous mastectomies in transmen have been gaining popularity. However, post-operative scars are an inevitable consequence. Recently, Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A) has shown positive effects in scar prevention. The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of BoNT-A in scar prevention. Methods: Fifteen patients who had undergone subcutaneous mastectomy were included. At 14 days post-surgery, either incoBoNT-A or a placebo was injected into the scar on each side. The primary outcome assessment measured the scar\u2019s severity using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS). The secondary outcome assessment evaluated the scar\u2019s color using a standard measurement device. Outcome assessments were conducted until 6 months post-surgery. Results: There were significantly lower VSS scores in the BoNT-A group compared to the placebo at the end of the study (7.43 \u00b1 0.26 vs. 8.82 \u00b1 0.26, p &lt; 0.001). The objective assessment revealed a statistically significant decrease in redness values in the BoNT-A group compared to the placebo at 3 and 6 months. Conclusion: BoNT-A has demonstrated effectiveness in scar prevention by reducing the severity of postoperative scar formation and improving overall scar appearance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins15110636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T12:53:32Z","timestamp":1698756812000},"page":"636","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Type A for Prevention of Post-Mastectomy Scar in Transmen: A Prospective, Randomized Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Waranaree","family":"Winayanuwattikun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7328-939X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasanop","family":"Vachiramon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teerapong","family":"Rattananukrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasita","family":"Palakornkitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ngamcherd","family":"Sitpahul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00683-8","article-title":"Transgender people: Health at the margins of society","volume":"388","author":"Winter","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00684-X","article-title":"Global health burden and needs of transgender populations: A review","volume":"388","author":"Reisner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1080\/15532739.2011.700873","article-title":"Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming People, Version 7","volume":"13","author":"Coleman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. 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