{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T13:01:24Z","timestamp":1791982884574,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sciensano (Research Toxins and TOXcereus project)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cereulide is an emetic toxin produced by some strains of Bacillus cereus. This bacterial toxin, a cyclic 1.2 kDa dodecadepsipeptide, is stable to heat and acids and causes nausea and vomiting when ingested via contaminated food. This work aimed to develop and validate a targeted analytical method applying liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC\u2013MS\/MS) to quantify this toxin in food and human faeces. Samples were extracted with acetonitrile in the presence of 13C6-cereulide, a labelled internal standard, and purified by centrifugation and filtration. The limits of quantification were 0.5 and 0.3 \u00b5g kg\u22121 for food and faeces, respectively. The linearity of the method was very good, with calculated R2 values above 0.995. The mean recovery of the method was within the acceptable range of 70.0%\u2013120.0%, the repeatability was not higher than 7.3%, and the highest intra-laboratory reproducibility was 8.9%. The estimated range for the expanded measurement uncertainty was between 5.1% and 18.0%. The LC\u2013MS\/MS method was used to analyse one food sample (rice) from a Belgian foodborne outbreak and five faecal samples from patients with clinical symptoms after consumption of the contaminated rice. The levels of cereulide were 12.22 \u00b5g g\u22121 for food and between 6.32 and 773.37 ng g\u22121 for faecal samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16010013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T02:58:12Z","timestamp":1703645892000},"page":"13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Validation of a Targeted LC\u2013MS\/MS Method for Cereulide and Application in Food and Faeces"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1672-624X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julien","family":"Masquelier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Contaminants and Additives, Sciensano, Scientific Institute of Public Health, 1050 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Segers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Contaminants and Additives, Sciensano, Scientific Institute of Public Health, 1050 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7307-9619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bram","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Pathogens, Sciensano, Scientific Institute of Public Health, 1050 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Van Nieuwenhuysen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Pathogens, Sciensano, Scientific Institute of Public Health, 1050 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Delbrassinne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Pathogens, Sciensano, Scientific Institute of Public Health, 1050 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Els","family":"Van Hoeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Contaminants and Additives, Sciensano, Scientific Institute of Public Health, 1050 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tirloni, E., Stella, S., Celandroni, F., Mazzantini, D., Bernardi, C., and Ghelardi, E. 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