{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T11:39:06Z","timestamp":1791545946261,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Merz Therapeutics GmbH"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A strong correlation has been reported between patient-reported quality of life (QoL) and the investigator-rated Disability Assessment Scale (DAS) in patients with spasticity. The current analysis evaluates the effect of incobotulinumtoxinA on QoL-related outcomes (limb position abnormality, as well as dressing- and hygiene-related disability, measured with the DAS) in adults with upper limb spasticity, using pooled data from six studies. Separate analyses for each DAS domain were performed using data from patients with disabilities for that domain (DAS score \u22651). Results showed that a significantly greater proportion of incobotulinumtoxinA-treated compared with placebo-treated patients achieved a \u22651-point reduction from baseline in each of the DAS domains (improvement) 4 weeks after the first injection. The benefits of incobotulinumtoxinA were observed regardless of the baseline severity of DAS impairment and of the time elapsed since stroke. The effects of incobotulinumtoxinA 4 weeks after injection were maintained or enhanced over multiple injection cycles for all three DAS domains, supporting the use of repeated injection cycles to provide sustained QoL benefit. IncobotulinumtoxinA represents an important treatment option to achieve better QoL-related outcomes for patients with upper limb spasticity, irrespective of the duration of their condition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16010019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T06:18:13Z","timestamp":1703830693000},"page":"19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Improvement in Quality-of-Life-Related Outcomes Following Treatment with IncobotulinumtoxinA in Adults with Limb Spasticity: A Pooled Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Franco","family":"Molteni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Valduce Villa Beretta Hospital, 23845 Costa Masnaga, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Wissel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurorehabilitation and Physical Therapy, Vivantes Hospital Spandau, 13585 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klemens","family":"Fheodoroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gailtal-Klinik, A-9620 Hermagor, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Munin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2765-7953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atul T.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kansas City Bone and Joint Clinic, Overland Park, KS 66211, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Althaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merz Therapeutics GmbH, 60318 Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4690-5425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg","family":"Comes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merz Therapeutics GmbH, 60318 Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Dekundy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merz Therapeutics GmbH, 60318 Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irena","family":"Pulte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merz Therapeutics GmbH, 60318 Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4745-0853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Astrid","family":"Scheschonka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merz Therapeutics GmbH, 60318 Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Vacchelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merz Therapeutics GmbH, 60318 Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1452-8485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Santamato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Spasticity and Movement Disorders, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-8759-1","article-title":"Defining spasticity: A new approach considering current movement disorders terminology and botulinum toxin therapy","volume":"265","author":"Dressler","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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