{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T23:52:15Z","timestamp":1785887535189,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005925","name":"Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TCMF-MP 110-03-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TCMF-MP 110-03-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Intravesical botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injections are included in the interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome (IC\/BPS) treatment guidelines. However, the IC phenotype suitable for treatment with BoNT-A has not been clarified. Therefore, we identified the factors influencing treatment outcomes for intravesical BoNT-A injections in patients with non-Hunner IC\/BPS (NHIC). This retrospective study included patients with NHIC who underwent 100 U BoNT-A intravesical injections over the past two decades. Six months after treatment, treatment outcomes were assessed using the Global Response Assessment (GRA). Outcome endpoints included GRA, clinical symptoms, urodynamic parameters, urine biomarkers, and the identification of factors contributing to satisfactory treatment outcomes. The study included 220 patients with NHIC (42 men, 178 women). The satisfactory group (n = 96, 44%) had significantly higher pain severity scores and IC symptoms index, larger maximum bladder capacity (MBC), and lower 8-isoprostane levels at baseline. Logistic regression revealed that larger MBC (\u2265760 mL) and bladder pain predominance were associated with satisfactory outcomes after BoNT-A injection. Subjective parameters and pain severity scores improved significantly in patients with bladder pain-predominant IC\/BPS after BoNT-A injection. Thus, NHIC patients with bladder or pelvic pain are more likely to experience satisfactory outcomes following intravesical BoNT-A injections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16020074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T09:43:22Z","timestamp":1706780602000},"page":"74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Intravesical Botulinum Toxin Injection Plus Hydrodistention Is More Effective in Patients with Bladder Pain-Predominant Interstitial Cystitis\/Bladder Pain Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9927-4092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wan-Ru","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Fong","family":"Jhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7165-4771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hann-Chorng","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s11884-022-00676-1","article-title":"Interstitial Cystitis\/Bladder Pain Syndrome: What Today\u2019s Urologist Should Know","volume":"18","author":"Adelugba","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. 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