{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T15:39:58Z","timestamp":1784302798154,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]],"date-time":"2024-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Merz Therapeutics GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic sialorrhea is a condition characterized by excessive drooling, often associated with neurological and neuromuscular disorders such as Parkinson\u2019s disease, cerebral palsy, and stroke. Despite its prevalence, it remains underdiagnosed and poorly understood, leading to a lack of comprehensive data on patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment patterns. This study aimed to help fill these existing gaps by analyzing real-world data using Optum\u2019s de-identified Clinformatics\u00ae Data Mart Database. Patients were required to have a diagnosis indicative of sialorrhea plus evidence of sialorrhea treatment between 1\/1\/2007 and 5\/31\/2022. Two cohorts were analyzed: patients with evidence of newly diagnosed sialorrhea and associated treatment, and sialorrhea patients initiating incobotulinumtoxinA. Clinical characteristics, comorbidities, symptoms, and treatment utilization were described before and after diagnosis and incobotulinumtoxinA initiation. No formal statistical comparisons were performed. Patients were predominantly aged 65 or older, male, and non-Hispanic white. Parkinson\u2019s disease and cerebral palsy were the most common comorbidities among adults and children, respectively. Treatment patterns suggest that anticholinergics are more commonly used than botulinum toxin therapy. The findings offer valuable information for improving diagnosis and treatment approaches and suggest a need for further research into treatment effectiveness, safety, and disease burden.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16080366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T05:19:36Z","timestamp":1724044776000},"page":"366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Real-World Observational Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Patterns of Patients with Chronic Sialorrhea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Hast","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Merz Therapeutics, Raleigh, NC 27615, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6210-4185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda M.","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aetion, New York, NY 10001, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna","family":"Abdelhadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aetion, New York, NY 10001, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6930-0605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohan","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aetion, New York, NY 10001, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Szendrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aetion, New York, NY 10001, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merz Therapeutics, Raleigh, NC 27615, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-5098-2","article-title":"Prevalence and definition of drooling in Parkinson\u2019s disease: A systematic review","volume":"256","author":"Kalf","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"2628","article-title":"Sialorrhea: A Management Challenge","volume":"69","author":"Hockstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. Fam. Physician"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756286419888601","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286419888601","article-title":"The burden of sialorrhoea in chronic neurological conditions: Current treatment options and the role of incobotulinumtoxinA (incobotulinumtoxinA\u00ae)","volume":"12","author":"Morgante","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins5051010","article-title":"Sialorrhea: Anatomy, Pathophysiology and Treatment with Emphasis on the Role of Botulinum Toxins","volume":"5","author":"Lakraj","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-019-00155-6","article-title":"Therapy of Sialorrhea with Botulinum Neurotoxin","volume":"8","author":"Jost","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"19","article-title":"Sialorrhea in patients with ALS: Current treatment options","volume":"9","author":"Garuti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Degener. Neurol. Neuromuscul. 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Neurother."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"100223","article-title":"Recommendations for a paradigm shift in approach to increase the recognition and treatment of sialorrhea in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Bergmans","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Park. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2016.03.006","article-title":"Sialorrhea in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"92","author":"Dias","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/pxab051","article-title":"Anticholinergic treatment for sialorrhea in children: A systematic review","volume":"27","author":"You","year":"2021","journal-title":"Paediatr. Child Health"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2249804","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.49804","article-title":"Analysis of sampling bias in large health care claims databases","volume":"6","author":"Dahlen","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"A60","article-title":"Triangulating Differential Nonresponse by Race in a Telephone Sur13vey","volume":"4","author":"DeFrank","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prev. Chronic Dis."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Aetion (2022, August 24). Real-World Evidence Solutions|RWE Analytics. Available online: https:\/\/aetion.com\/."}],"container-title":["Toxins"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6651\/16\/8\/366\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:38:06Z","timestamp":1760110686000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6651\/16\/8\/366"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["toxins16080366"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/toxins16080366","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6651"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6651","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]]}}}