{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T23:05:46Z","timestamp":1790723146615,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"FAPEMIG","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APQ-01663-22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APQ-01663-22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"FAPEMIG","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["406816\/2022\u20130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["406816\/2022\u20130"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CNPq\u2014INCT-INOVATOX","award":["APQ-01663-22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APQ-01663-22"]}]},{"name":"CNPq\u2014INCT-INOVATOX","award":["406816\/2022\u20130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["406816\/2022\u20130"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spiders of the genus Loxosceles represent a public health problem in Brazil due to the severity of the cutaneous and systemic effects that may result from their bite. In the systemic form of loxoscelism, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation can occur. Despite the seriousness of Loxosceles accidents, the venom of some species has not yet been properly characterized considering these hemotoxic effects, such as that of Loxosceles amazonica, Loxosceles aff. Variegata, and Loxosceles similis. To better understand their toxic potential, this study aimed to characterize the hematotoxic properties of these Loxosceles venoms. The crude venom was obtained from specimens of L. amazonica, L. aff. Variegata, and L. similis available from Funed\u2019s arachnidary. In washed platelets, L. aff. variegata inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen and convulxin, whereas L. amazonica and L. similis venoms were able to induce platelet aggregation. In the in vitro hemolysis assays, all venoms experimentally induced direct hemolysis of human erythrocytes in a concentration-dependent manner, with different intensities. Furthermore, evidence suggest that the ABO and Rh systems may influence hemolytic activity. Finally, the studied Loxosceles venoms degraded fibrinogen, suggesting possible alterations in the coagulation cascade. Based in the here-presented preliminary study, in vivo assays in model animals are needed to verify the real toxic potential of these species\u2019 venom, building up knowledge to elucidate the action of Loxosceles venoms in blood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16120532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T08:40:10Z","timestamp":1733820010000},"page":"532","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Venom from Loxosceles Spiders Collected in Southeastern and Northeastern Brazilian Regions Cause Hemotoxic Effects on Human Blood Components"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Rafaela","family":"Silva-Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Toxinology Lab, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation\u2014FUNED, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayla Mel","family":"Gomes dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Toxinology Lab, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation\u2014FUNED, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Luiza","family":"Silva-Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Toxinology Lab, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation\u2014FUNED, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamella Luize","family":"Peres-Dam\u00e1sio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Toxinology Lab, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation\u2014FUNED, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2631-4182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Val\u00e9ria","family":"Gon\u00e7alves de Alvarenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Venoms Biochemistry Lab, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation\u2014FUNED, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2784-5658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana","family":"Souza de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Venoms Biochemistry Lab, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation\u2014FUNED, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1637-9345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eladio Flores","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Venoms Biochemistry Lab, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation\u2014FUNED, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Ch\u00e1vez-Ol\u00f3rtegui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Protein Imunochemistry Lab, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais\u2014UFMG, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luana Silveira da Rocha Nowicki","family":"Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arachnid Proteomics Lab, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation\u2014FUNED, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Luiza Bittencourt","family":"Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Toxinology Lab, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation\u2014FUNED, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7698-3811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Guerra-Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Toxinology Lab, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation\u2014FUNED, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Bern, N.H.M. 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