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Antimicrobial peptides are an interesting class of molecules for this endeavor. In this context, the LyeTx III, a new peptide extracted from the venom of the Lycosa erythrognatha spider, stands out. The peptide exhibits typical antimicrobial traits: a positive net charge and amphipathic \u03b1 -helix structure in lipid-like environments. Its unique sequence (GKAMKAIAKFLGR-NH2), identified via mass spectrometry and Edman degradation, shows limited similarity to existing peptides. Significantly, when liposome-encapsulated, LyeTx III demonstrates selective activity against tumor cells in culture. Our MTT results showed that the cytotoxicity of the peptide increased against HN13 cells when administered as liposomes, with their viability in HN13 cells alone being 98%, compared to 38% in liposome-encapsulated form. This finding underscores that the LyeTx III peptide may be a good candidate for the development of new drugs against cancer. Its activity when encapsulated is promising, as it can increase its half-life in the body and can also be targeted to specific tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins17010032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T03:48:11Z","timestamp":1736480891000},"page":"32","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Encapsulated LyeTx III Peptide: Cytotoxic Agent Isolated from Lycosa erythrognatha Spider Venom"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2599-035X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel Moreira dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Pathology, Federal University of S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o del-Rei, Divin\u00f3polis 36301-158, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9288-2519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Livia Ramos","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Pathology, Federal University of S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o del-Rei, Divin\u00f3polis 36301-158, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nayara Ara\u00fajo dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petroleomics and Forensics Laboratory, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria 29075-910, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanderson","family":"Rom\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petroleomics and Forensics Laboratory, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria 29075-910, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9827-7312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jarbas Magalh\u00e3es","family":"Resende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30110-005, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6185-4032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Elena","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Medicina-Biomedicina, Faculdade Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 30110-005, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rcia Helena","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics and Arachnid Laboratory, Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Belo Horizonte 30110-005, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7374-4743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosy Iara Maciel de Azambuja","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Pathology, Federal University of S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o del-Rei, Divin\u00f3polis 36301-158, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R\u00e1dis-Baptista, G. 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