{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T20:01:44Z","timestamp":1791576104970,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This Special Issue aims to provide insight into the understudied toxicological effects induced by snakebite envenoming, as well as to highlight current and future countermeasures for reducing the extreme morbidity and mortality associated with this globally neglected tropical disease [...]<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins17050237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T06:17:08Z","timestamp":1747030628000},"page":"237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Snake Venom: Toxicology and Associated Countermeasures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4729-5518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Youngman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Attexo, Level 4\/315 Brunswick St, Fortitude Valley, QLD 4006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Vargas, A., Franco-Vasquez, A.M., Triana-Ceron, M., Alam-Rojas, S.N., Escobar-Wilches, D.C., Corzo, G., Lazcano-Perez, F., Arreguin-Espinosa, R., and Ruiz-Gomez, F. (2024). Immunological Cross-Reactivity and Preclinical Assessment of a Colombian Anticoral Antivenom against the Venoms of Three Micrurus Species. Toxins, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16020104"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shirai, R., Shibata, K., Fujii, S., Fukunaga, R., and Inoue, S. (2024). One-Step Affinity Purification of Leucine-Rich \u03b12-Glycoproteins from Snake Sera and Characterization of Their Phospholipase A2-Inhibitory Activities as \u03b2-Type Phospholipase A2 Inhibitors. Toxins, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16030126"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Castro-Pinheiro, C., Junior, L.C.S.P., Sanchez, E.F., da Silva, A.C.R., Dwan, C.A., Karpiniec, S.S., Critchley, A.T., and Fully, A.L. (2024). Effect of Seaweed-Derived Fucoidans from Undaria pinnatifida and Fucus vesiculosus on Coagulant, Proteolytic, and Phospholipase A2 Activities of Snake Bothrops jararaca, B. jararacussu, and B. neuwiedi Venom. Toxins, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16040188"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qiao, Z., Jones, L., Bourke, L.A., Seneci, L., Chowdhury, A., Violette, A., Fourmy, R., Soria, R., Aldridge, M., and Fry, B.G. (2024). Tiny but Mighty: Vipera ammodytes meridionalis (Eastern Long-Nosed Viper) Ontogenetic Venom Variations in Procoagulant Potency and the Impact on Antivenom Efficacies. Toxins, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16090396"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lay, M., and Hodgson, W.C. (2024). Isolation and Pharmacological Characterisation of Pre-Synaptic Neurotoxins from Thai and Javanese Russell\u2019s Viper (Daboia siamensis) Venoms. Toxins, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16090405"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rao, S., Reghu, N., Nair, B.G., and Vanuopadath, M. (2024). The Role of Snake Venom Proteins in Inducing Inflammation Post-Envenomation: An Overview on Mechanistic Insights and Treatment Strategies. Toxins, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16120519"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fernandez, E.M.G., Oliveira, D.N., Silva-Neto, A.V., Davila, R.N., Lengler, L., Sartim, M.A., Farias, A.S., Ferreira, L.C.L., Carvalho, E.S., and Wen, F.H. (2025). Physical and Sensory Long-Term Disabilities from Bothrops Snakebite Envenomings in Manaus, Western Brazilian Amazon. Toxins, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins17010022"}],"container-title":["Toxins"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6651\/17\/5\/237\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:30:36Z","timestamp":1760031036000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6651\/17\/5\/237"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["toxins17050237"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/toxins17050237","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6651"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6651","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]]}}}