{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T17:58:15Z","timestamp":1762192695624,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pediatric torticollis, predominantly resulting from congenital muscular torticollis, is characterized by unilateral shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, leading to head tilt and limited cervical mobility. Conventional management primarily involves physical therapy and repositioning strategies, with most infants achieving full recovery. However, a subset of patients exhibits persistent symptoms despite conservative treatment. Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) has emerged as a minimally invasive adjunct intervention that targets muscular hypertonicity by inhibiting acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions. This scoping review synthesizes clinical evidence from six studies, including randomized controlled trials and case reports, assessing the efficacy and safety of BoNT-A in pediatric torticollis. Results indicate consistent improvements in range of motion, head posture correction, and patient satisfaction, with rare and mild adverse events such as local bruising and transient muscle weakness. Despite promising outcomes, variability in dosing, injection protocols, and follow-up durations underscores the need for standardized treatment guidelines and further high-quality research. These findings support BoNT-A as a valuable therapeutic option for refractory pediatric torticollis, warranting integration into multidisciplinary care frameworks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins17110543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T17:32:01Z","timestamp":1762191121000},"page":"543","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Botulinum Toxin Type A for Pediatric Torticollis: A Review of Clinical Research"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9666-1801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Na-Yoen","family":"Kwon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Korean Medicine, Ga-Chon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7606-0147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soo-Hyun","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Policy Development, National Institute for Korean Medicine Development, Seoul 04516, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0366-1707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun-Kyung","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju-si 38066, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0000000000001114","article-title":"Physical Therapy Management of Congenital Muscular Torticollis: A 2024 Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline from the American Physical Therapy Association Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy","volume":"36","author":"Sargent","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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