{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T03:48:00Z","timestamp":1790826480473,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,2]],"date-time":"2014-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Taipans are highly venomous Australo-Papuan elapids. A new species of taipan, the Western Desert Taipan (Oxyuranus temporalis), has been discovered with two specimens housed in captivity at the Adelaide Zoo. This study is the first investigation of O. temporalis venom and seeks to characterise and compare the neurotoxicity, lethality and biochemical properties of O. temporalis venom with other taipan venoms. Analysis of  O. temporalis venom using size-exclusion and reverse-phase HPLC indicated a markedly simplified \u201cprofile\u201d compared to other taipan venoms. SDS-PAGE and agarose gel electrophoresis analysis also indicated a relatively simple composition. Murine LD50 studies showed that O. temporalis venom is less lethal than O. microlepidotus venom. Venoms were tested in vitro, using the chick biventer cervicis nerve-muscle preparation. Based on t90 values, O. temporalis venom is highly neurotoxic abolishing indirect twitches far more rapidly than other taipan venoms. O. temporalis venom also abolished responses to exogenous acetylcholine and carbachol, indicating the presence of postsynaptic neurotoxins. Prior administration of CSL Taipan antivenom (CSL Limited) neutralised the inhibitory effects of all taipan venoms. The results of this study suggest that the venom of the O. temporalis is highly neurotoxic in vitro and may contain procoagulant toxins, making this snake potentially dangerous to humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins6071979","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,3]],"date-time":"2014-07-03T04:14:27Z","timestamp":1404360867000},"page":"1979-1995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Comparative Studies of the Venom of a New Taipan Species, Oxyuranus temporalis, with Other Members of Its Genus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Carmel","family":"Barber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Venom Group, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine,  Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Madaras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Venom Science Pty Ltd, Tanunda, South Australia 5352, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Turnbull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SA Pathology, IMVS Veterinary Services, Gilles Plains, South Australia 5086, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry","family":"Morley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Zoo, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9707-7631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan","family":"Dunstan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Venom Supplies, Tanunda, South Australia, South Australia 5352, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Venom Supplies, Tanunda, South Australia, South Australia 5352, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Kuchel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SA Pathology, IMVS Veterinary Services, Gilles Plains, South Australia 5086, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Mirtschin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Venom Science Pty Ltd, Tanunda, South Australia 5352, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayne","family":"Hodgson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Venom Group, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine,  Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2004.08.018","article-title":"Snakes across the Strait: Trans-Torresian phylogeographic relationships in three genera of Australasian snakes (Serpentes: Elapidae: Acanthophis, Oxyuranus, and Pseudechis","volume":"34","author":"Dumbrell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. 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