{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T14:39:37Z","timestamp":1792507177741,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,17]],"date-time":"2015-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The interaction of anthrax toxin or toxin components with B. anthracis spores has been demonstrated. Germinating spores can produce significant amounts of toxin components very soon after the initiation of germination. In this review, we will summarize the work performed that has led to our understanding of toxin and spore interactions and discuss the complexities associated with these interactions<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins7083167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,18]],"date-time":"2015-08-18T05:43:13Z","timestamp":1439876593000},"page":"3167-3178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Anthrax Toxins in Context of Bacillus anthracis Spores and Spore Germination"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Christopher","family":"Cote","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID),  Bacteriology Division, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702-5011, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Welkos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID),  Bacteriology Division, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702-5011, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"277","article-title":"The aetiology of anthrax based on the ontogeny of the anthrax bacillus","volume":"2","author":"Koch","year":"1877","journal-title":"Beirt. 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