{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T11:43:48Z","timestamp":1777981428443,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,15]],"date-time":"2016-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1460678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Epidemiological studies have identified Staphylococcus aureus as the most common agent involved in food poisoning. However, current research highlights the importance of toxigenic coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolated from food. The aim of this study was to characterize Staphylococcus spp. isolated from cows with bovine subclinical mastitis regarding the presence of genes responsible for the production of staphylococcal enterotoxins and of the tst-1 gene encoding toxic shock syndrome toxin 1, and to determine the clonal profile of the isolates carrying any of the genes studied. A total of 181 strains isolated in different Brazilian states, including the South, Southeast, and Northeast regions, were analyzed. The sea gene was the most frequent, which was detected in 18.2% of the isolates, followed by seb in 7.7%, sec in 14.9%, sed in 0.5%, see in 8.2%, seg in 1.6%, seh in 25.4%, sei in 6.6%, and ser in 1.6%. The sej, ses, set, and tst-1 genes were not detected in any of the isolates. The typing of the isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed important S. aureus and S. epidermidis clusters in different areas and the presence of enterotoxin genes in lineages isolated from animals that belong to herds located geographically close to each other.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins8040104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,15]],"date-time":"2016-04-15T11:36:02Z","timestamp":1460720162000},"page":"104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Detection of Enterotoxigenic Potential and Determination of Clonal Profile in Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Bovine Subclinical Mastitis in Different Brazilian States"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Priscila","family":"Mello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18618-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danilo","family":"Moraes Riboli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18618-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiza","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18618-970, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Anatomic Pathology, Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Bauru 17034-971, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisiane","family":"De Almeida Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Paranaense-UNIPAR, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Vasconcelos Paiva Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Juiz de Fora 36038-330, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9079-2723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18618-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Radostitis, O.M., Gay, C.C., Hinchcliff, K.W., and Constable, P.D. 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