{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:31:10Z","timestamp":1791307870294,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,7]],"date-time":"2016-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1465257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BFU2013-42833-P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BFU2013-42833-P"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The venom proteome of the poorly studied desert coral snake Micrurus tschudii tschudii was unveiled using a venomic approach, which identified \u226538 proteins belonging to only four snake venom protein families. The three-finger toxins (3FTxs) constitute, both in number of isoforms (~30) and total abundance (93.6% of the venom proteome), the major protein family of the desert coral snake venom. Phospholipases A2 (PLA2s; seven isoforms, 4.1% of the venom proteome), 1\u20133 Kunitz-type proteins (1.6%), and 1\u20132 l-amino acid oxidases (LAO, 0.7%) complete the toxin arsenal of M. t. tschudii. Our results add to the growing evidence that the occurrence of two divergent venom phenotypes, i.e., 3FTx- and PLA2-predominant venom proteomes, may constitute a general trend across the cladogenesis of Micrurus. The occurrence of a similar pattern of venom phenotypic variability among true sea snake (Hydrophiinae) venoms suggests that the 3FTx\/PLA2 dichotomy may be widely distributed among Elapidae venoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins8060178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,7]],"date-time":"2016-06-07T11:17:28Z","timestamp":1465298248000},"page":"178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Venomic Analysis of the Poorly Studied Desert Coral Snake, Micrurus tschudii tschudii, Supports the 3FTx\/PLA2 Dichotomy across Micrurus Venoms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Libia","family":"Sanz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Ven\u00f3mica Estructural y Funcional, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, Jaime Roig 11, Valencia 46010, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davinia","family":"Pla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Ven\u00f3mica Estructural y Funcional, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, Jaime Roig 11, Valencia 46010, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Ven\u00f3mica Estructural y Funcional, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, Jaime Roig 11, Valencia 46010, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yania","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Ven\u00f3mica Estructural y Funcional, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, Jaime Roig 11, Valencia 46010, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Zavaleta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Academico de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosof\u00eda, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 31, Peru"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Salud, Ministerio de Salud, Lima 11, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Salas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento Academico de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosof\u00eda, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 31, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2419-6469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Lomonte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiolog\u00eda, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose 11501, Costa Rica"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5026-3122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Calvete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Ven\u00f3mica Estructural y Funcional, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, Jaime Roig 11, Valencia 46010, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"de Spix, J. 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