{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T03:59:45Z","timestamp":1793332785684,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Trypanosoma cruzi, the causal agent of Chagas disease, exhibits great genetic diversity, which has been related to its biological properties. However, these are poorly known in strains from the endemic area of Hidalgo. To assess the parasite\u2019s virulence, we evaluated parasitemia, mortality, and tropism in thirteen organs of CD1 mice during the acute phase of infection. For genotyping, we amplified the mini-exon gene from T. cruzi DNA using PCR. All five isolates were identified as belonging to DTU TcI. The peak of parasitemia occurred between 25 and 29 days post-infection. The Tultitl\u00e1n and Olma isolates did not cause any mouse deaths, whereas Ixcat\u00e9pec produced 100% mortality. Mice infected with the Barrio Hondo isolate exhibited the highest parasitemia, while those infected with Cuatecomaco had the lowest. The five isolates generated varying degrees of infection and chronic inflammation; only two isolates triggered acute pancreatitis and myocarditis. No amastigote nests were found in the hearts of mice infected with the Ixcat\u00e9pec isolate. Our findings suggest that the damage caused by T. cruzi strains from Hidalgo may extend beyond cardiac lesions in the acute phase of Chagas disease regardless of their classification as TcI and variability in parasitemia levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed10050122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T05:10:32Z","timestamp":1746076232000},"page":"122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Biological and Molecular Characterization of Five Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas, 1909) (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae) Isolates from the State of Hidalgo, Mexico"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5429-0045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yessenia","family":"Montes-Vergara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Entomolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala s\/n. Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Antonio-Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Entomolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala s\/n. Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6134-3588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Miguel","family":"Padilla-Valdez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Entomolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala s\/n. Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2310-5217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erick Abraham","family":"Contreras-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital General Regional No.25 Zaragoza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico 09220, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1006-9414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julio Cesar","family":"Noguez-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c1rea de Entomolog\u00eda, Laboratorio Estatal de Salud P\u00fablica de Hidalgo, Servicios de Salud Hidalgo, Pachuca de Soto 42088, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6408-3130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy","family":"Rivas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Entomolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala s\/n. 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