{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T04:42:53Z","timestamp":1792816973392,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Cardioinfantil"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted helminth capable of establishing chronic infection through an autoinfective cycle, with the potential to progress to life-threatening hyperinfection, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 70-year-old man from an endemic region in Colombia with metastatic urothelial carcinoma who developed hyperinfection syndrome following corticosteroid therapy for spinal cord compression. The patient presented with progressive respiratory failure and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Chest imaging showed bilateral ground glass opacities, and bronchoalveolar lavage revealed numerous larvae consistent with S. stercoralis, confirming the diagnosis. Despite supportive care and broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy, the patient experienced rapid clinical deterioration and died. Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of considering strongyloidiasis in the differential diagnosis of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in endemic settings, particularly in patients receiving corticosteroids. Early recognition and timely treatment are essential to reduce the high associated mortality. Preventive strategies, including targeted screening or empiric ivermectin administration prior to immunosuppression, should be considered in high-risk populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed11050133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T07:50:15Z","timestamp":1778745015000},"page":"133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Strongyloides stercoralis Hyperinfection Presenting as Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in an Endemic Region: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0847-7343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Camilo","family":"Motta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Service, Fundaci\u00f3n Cardioinfantil\u2014Instituto de Cardiolog\u00eda, Bogot\u00e1 110131, Colombia"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Service, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel Alejandro","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Mugnier-Quijano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Fundaci\u00f3n Cardioinfantil\u2014Instituto de Cardiolog\u00eda, Bogot\u00e1 110131, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buonfrate, D., Bisanzio, D., Giorli, G., Odermatt, P., F\u00fcrst, T., Greenaway, C., French, M., Reithinger, R., Gobbi, F., and Montresor, A. 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