{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:47:39Z","timestamp":1787165259883,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]],"date-time":"2017-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mass parenteral vaccination remains the cornerstone of dog rabies control. Oral rabies vaccination (ORV) could increase vaccination coverage where free-roaming dogs represent a sizeable segment of the population at risk. ORV\u2019s success is dependent on the acceptance of baits that release an efficacious vaccine into the oral cavity. A new egg-flavored bait was tested alongside boiled bovine intestine and a commercially available fishmeal bait using a hand-out model on the Navajo Nation, United States, during June 2016. A PVC capsule and biodegradable sachet were tested, and had no effect on bait acceptance. The intestine baits had the highest acceptance (91.9%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 83.9%\u201396.7%), but the fishmeal (81.1%; 95% CI, 71.5%\u201388.6%) and the egg-flavored baits (77.4%; 95% CI, 72.4%\u201381.8%) were also well accepted, suggesting that local bait preference studies may be warranted to enhance ORV\u2019s success in other areas where canine rabies is being managed. Based on a dyed water marker, the delivery of a placebo vaccine was best in the intestine baits (75.4%; 95% CI, 63.5%\u201384.9%), followed by the egg-flavored (68.0%; 95% CI, 62.4%\u201373.2%) and fishmeal (54.3%; 95% CI, 42.9%\u201365.4%) baits. Acceptance was not influenced by the supervision or ownership, or sex, age, and body condition of the dogs. This study illustrates that a portion of a dog population may be orally vaccinated as a complement to parenteral vaccination to achieve the immune thresholds required to eliminate dog rabies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed2020017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]],"date-time":"2017-06-15T10:07:33Z","timestamp":1497521253000},"page":"17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Field Studies Evaluating Bait Acceptance and Handling by Dogs in Navajo Nation, USA"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0765-7198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott","family":"Bender","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Navajo Nation Veterinary Program, PO Box 2204, Chinle, AZ 86503, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6757-643X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Bergman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, 8836 N 23rd Avenue, Suite 2, Phoenix, AZ 85021, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Vos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDT Biologika GmbH, Am Pharmapark, Dessau-Rosslau 06861, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashlee","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Rabies Management Program, 59 Chenell Drive, Suite 2, Concord, NH 03301, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Chipman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Rabies Management Program, 59 Chenell Drive, Suite 2, Concord, NH 03301, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Estimating the Global Burden of Endemic Canine Rabies","volume":"9","author":"Hampson","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. 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