{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:19:52Z","timestamp":1790745592640,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]],"date-time":"2018-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur \u00e0 Paris","award":["ACIP2011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ACIP2011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Melioidosis, caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is an infectious disease of humans or animals, and the specific environmental conditions that are present in western Indian Ocean islands are particularly suitable for the establishment\/survival of B. pseudomallei. Indeed, an increasing number of new cases have been reported in this region (Madagascar, Mauritius, R\u00e9union (France), and Seychelles, except Comoros and Mayotte (France)), and are described in this review. Our review clearly points out that further studies are needed in order to investigate the real incidence and burden of melioidosis in the western Indian Ocean and especially Madagascar, since it is likely to be higher than currently reported. Thus, research and surveillance priorities were recommended (i) to improve awareness of melioidosis in the population and among clinicians; (ii) to improve diagnostics, in order to provide rapid and effective treatment; (iii) to implement a surveillance and reporting system in the western Indian Ocean; and (iv) to investigate the presence of B. pseudomallei in environmental samples, since we have demonstrated its presence in soil samples originating from the yard of a Madagascan case.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed3010030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]],"date-time":"2018-03-07T12:55:23Z","timestamp":1520427323000},"page":"30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Melioidosis in the Western Indian Ocean and the Importance of Improving Diagnosis, Surveillance, and Molecular Typing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Andriniaina","family":"Rakotondrasoa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Bact\u00e9riologie Exp\u00e9rimentale, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Issack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Health Laboratory, Victoria Hospital, Candos 72211, Mauritius"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beno\u00eet","family":"Garin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Immuno-H\u00e9matologie, CHU Pointe-\u00e0-Pitre\/Abymes 97159, Guadeloupe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3632-2146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrice","family":"Biot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Bact\u00e9riologie\/UMR_MD1, Institut de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale des Arm\u00e9es, Br\u00e9tigny sur Orge, Ecole du Val-de-Gr\u00e2ce, 91223 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Valade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Bact\u00e9riologie\/UMR_MD1, Institut de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale des Arm\u00e9es, Br\u00e9tigny sur Orge, Ecole du Val-de-Gr\u00e2ce, 91223 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Wattiau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Foodborne, Highly Pathogenic Bacterial Zoonoses & Antibiotic Resistance, Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Center, Brussels 1180, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3228-0831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Allou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9animation polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire F\u00e9lix Guyon, 97499 Saint Denis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Belmonte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bact\u00e9riologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire F\u00e9lix Guyon, 97499 Saint Denis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jastin","family":"Bibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Public Health Department, Victoria, Seychelles"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1079-4882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Marc","family":"Collard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Bact\u00e9riologie Exp\u00e9rimentale, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15008","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2015.8","article-title":"Predicted global distribution of Burkholderia pseudomallei and burden of melioidosis","volume":"1","author":"Limmathurotsakul","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. 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