{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T03:18:14Z","timestamp":1773026294981,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"INTERREG V A","award":["202085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202085"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are associated with prolonged hospitalization and higher risk of mortality. Patients arriving in the hospital via the emergency department (ED) are screened for the presence of MDROs in compliance with the screening protocols in order to apply the correct isolation measures. In the Dutch\u2013German border region, local hospitals apply their own screening protocols which are based upon national screening protocols. The contents of the national and local MDRO screening protocols were compared on vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and carbapenemase-producing and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CPE\/CRE). The practicality of the screening protocols was evaluated by performing an audit. As a result, the content of the MDRO screening protocols differed regarding risk factors for MDRO carriage, swab site, personal protective equipment, and isolation measures. The observations and questionnaires showed that the practicality was sufficient; however, the responsibility was not designated clearly and education regarding the screening protocols was deemed inappropriate. The differences between the MDRO screening protocols complicate patient care in the Dutch\u2013German border region. Arrangements have to be made about the responsibility of the MDRO screening, and improvements are necessary concerning education regarding the MDRO screening protocols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed6010015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T08:29:16Z","timestamp":1611649756000},"page":"15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Compliance to Screening Protocols for Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms at the Emergency Departments of Two Academic Hospitals in the Dutch\u2013German Cross-Border Region"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Lisa B.","family":"Gunnink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donia J.","family":"Arouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5416-2174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Floris E.J.","family":"Jolink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari\u00ebtte","family":"Lokate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaas","family":"de Jonge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5013-159X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanie","family":"Kampmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hygiene, University Hospital M\u00fcnster, Robert-Koch-Stra\u00dfe 41, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolin","family":"Kreis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital M\u00fcnster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building W1, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Raschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital M\u00fcnster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building W1, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mirjam","family":"Kleinjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0353-4011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan C.","family":"ter Maaten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Emergency Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex W.","family":"Friedrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Bathoorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1241-1328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corinna","family":"Glasner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2014.02.024","article-title":"Infection Prevention in the Emergency Department","volume":"64","author":"Liang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. 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