{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:03:27Z","timestamp":1760234607372,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]],"date-time":"2021-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chagas disease (CD) is the third most common parasitic infection globally and can cause cardiac and gastrointestinal complications. Around 300,000 carriers of CD live in the U.S., with about 3000 of those in Colorado. We described our experience in diagnosing CD at a Colorado teaching hospital to revise screening eligibility criteria. From 2006 to 2020, we reviewed Trypanosoma cruzi (TC) IgG serology results for 1156 patients in our institution. We identified 23 patients (1.99%) who had a positive test. A total of 14\/23 (60%) of positive serologies never had confirmatory testing, and 7 of them were lost to follow up. Confirmatory testing, performed in 9 patients, resulted in being positive in 3. One additional case of CD was identified by positive tissue pathology. All four confirmed cases were among patients born in Latin America. While most of the testing for CD at our institution is part of the pretransplant screening, no confirmed cases of CD derived from this strategy. Exposure risk in this population is not always documented, and initial positive results from screening are not always confirmed. The lack of standardized screening protocols for CD in our institution contributes to underdiagnosis locally and in health systems nationwide. Given a large number of individuals in the U.S. with chronic CD, improved screening is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed6020093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]],"date-time":"2021-05-31T21:42:06Z","timestamp":1622497326000},"page":"93","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Experiences with Diagnosis and Treatment of Chagas Disease at a United States Teaching Hospital\u2014Clinical Features of Patients with Positive Screening Serologic Testing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Hyson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lilian Vargas","family":"Barahona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6129-1062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura C.","family":"Pedraza-Ar\u00e9valo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Juan N Corpas, 18301 Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9405-5333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Schultz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1116-2286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luisa","family":"Mestroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adult Medical Genetics Program, Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5704-7967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"da Consola\u00e7\u00e3o Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte-Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9043-0810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adult Medical Genetics Program, Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8757-643X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Franco-Paredes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"},{"name":"Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Benamu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Poornima","family":"Ramanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Anis","family":"Rassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Anis Rassi Hospital, Goi\u00e2nia 74110-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kellie","family":"Hawkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"},{"name":"Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO 80204, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7363-8652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s F.","family":"Henao-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2020). 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