{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:00:07Z","timestamp":1792803607928,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq)","award":["308234\/2021-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["308234\/2021-9"]}]},{"name":"Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq)","award":["E-26\/202.707\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/202.707\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Rio de Janeiro State Science Foundation (FAPERJ)","award":["308234\/2021-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["308234\/2021-9"]}]},{"name":"Rio de Janeiro State Science Foundation (FAPERJ)","award":["E-26\/202.707\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/202.707\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected tropical disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi infection that, despite being discovered over a century ago, remains a public health problem, mainly in developing countries. Since T. cruzi can infect a wide range of mammalian host cells, parasite\u2013host interactions may be critical to infection outcome. The intense immune stimulation that helps the control of the parasite\u2019s replication and dissemination may also be linked with the pathogenesis and symptomatology worsening. Here, we discuss the findings that support the notion that excessive immune system stimulation driven by parasite persistence might elicit a progressive loss and collapse of immune functions. In this context, cellular stress and inflammatory responses elicited by T. cruzi induce fibroblast and other immune cell senescence phenotypes that may compromise the host\u2019s capacity to control the magnitude of T. cruzi-induced inflammation, contributing to parasite persistence and CD progression. A better understanding of the steps involved in the induction of this chronic inflammatory status, which disables host defense capacity, providing an extra advantage to the parasite and predisposing infected hosts prematurely to immunosenescence, may provide insights to designing and developing novel therapeutic approaches to prevent and treat Chagas disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed7070129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]],"date-time":"2022-07-12T03:50:36Z","timestamp":1657597836000},"page":"129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cellular Stress and Senescence Induction during Trypanosoma cruzi Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Kamila","family":"Guimar\u00e3es-Pinto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunologia Celular, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4171-5112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesu\u00edno R. M.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunologia Celular, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2170-7940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 L. A.","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunologia Celular, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Morrot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3013-3173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"Freire-de-Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8761-7641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debora","family":"Decote-Ricardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4148-3657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celio Geraldo","family":"Freire-de-Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra A.","family":"Filardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunologia Celular, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chagas, C. 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