{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T03:40:30Z","timestamp":1793936430591,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81860362"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81860362"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018BS08013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018BS08013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004763","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81860362"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81860362"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004763","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004763","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018BS08013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018BS08013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004763","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a severe parasitic zoonosis caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus multilocularis. The identification of the antigens eliciting acquired immunity during infection is important for vaccine development against Echinococcus infection. Here, we identified that E. multilocularis calreticulin (EmCRT), a ubiquitous protein with a Ca2+-binding ability, could be recognized by the sera of mice infected with E. multilocularis. The native EmCRT was expressed on the surface of E. multilocularis larvae as well as in the secreted products of metacestode vesicles and protoscoleces (PSCs). The coding DNA for EmCRT was cloned from the mRNA of the E. multilocularis metacestode vesicles and a recombinant EmCRT protein (rEmCRT) was expressed in E. coli. Mice immunized with soluble rEmCRT formulated with Freund\u2019s adjuvant (FA) produced a 43.16% larval vesicle weight reduction against the challenge of E. multilocularis PSCs compared to those that received the PBS control associated with a high titer of IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a antibody responses as well as high levels of Th1 cytokines (IFN-\u03b3 and IL-2) and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10), produced by splenocytes. Our results suggest that EmCRT is an immunodominant protein secreted by E. multilocularis larvae and a vaccine candidate that induces partial protective immunity in vaccinated mice against Echinococcus infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed7100279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T06:13:27Z","timestamp":1665468807000},"page":"279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Immunization with EmCRT-Induced Protective Immunity against Echinococcus multilocularis Infection in BALB\/c Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Lujuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4764-0163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhe","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siqi","family":"Xian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6884-9452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhijian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianfang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Limei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2016.11.001","article-title":"Global Distribution of Alveolar and Cystic Echinococcosis","volume":"95","author":"Deplazes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. 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