{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T20:33:19Z","timestamp":1779309199510,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]],"date-time":"2022-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en Parasitolog\u00eda del Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES) y Secretar\u00eda Nacional de Ciencia Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n (SENACYT-Panam\u00e1)","award":["APY-NI-2019B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APY-NI-2019B"]}]},{"name":"Sistema Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n (SNI), SENACYT-Panam\u00e1","award":["APY-NI-2019B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APY-NI-2019B"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A total of 123 DNA samples from Panamanian patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) lesions were evaluated. These samples were previously confirmed with CL by a specific KDNA-Viannia PCR but had a negative parasitological diagnosis (Group A). Epidemiological variables, such as age, sex, geographic origin, evolution time, and the number and location of the lesions, were analyzed. No significant differences (p &lt; 0.05) were found when these variables were evaluated against a control panel of 123 CL lesion samples from CL patients with positive parasitological diagnoses (Group B). Of the 123 samples (Group A), 67% (82\/123) gave positive results when re-analyzed by PCR-hsp70. An analysis of 69 of these samples via PCR-hsp70-RFLP showed that 59.4% (41\/69) of the found restriction patterns corresponded to Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis and 40.6% (28\/69) to Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis. Finally, the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of 32 of the samples confirmed the species in 21 (65.6%, 21\/32) samples, originally characterized as L. (V.) panamensis. However, 11 samples (34.4%, 11\/32), initially identified via RFLP-Hsp70 as L. (V.) guyanensis, matched the sequence of a genetic variant known as Leishmania sp.1. These results point out the species\/genetic variants of Leishmania in the case of CL lesions with an apparently low parasite load.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed7100282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T06:13:27Z","timestamp":1665468807000},"page":"282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Characterization of Leishmania spp. Causing Cutaneous Lesions with a Negative Parasitological Diagnosis in Panama"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0414-8454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adelys M.","family":"Reina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en Parasitolog\u00eda, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama 0816, Panama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Castillo","family":"Mewa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en Gen\u00f3mica y Prote\u00f3mica, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama 0816, Panama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6669-4290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 E.","family":"Calzada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en Parasitolog\u00eda, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama 0816, Panama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5653-1332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azael","family":"Salda\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en Parasitolog\u00eda, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama 0816, Panama"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y Diagn\u00f3stico de Enfermedades Parasitarias (CIDEP), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panam\u00e1, Panama 0824, Panama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.08.018","article-title":"Epidemiological and molecular investigation of resurgent cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sudan","volume":"88","author":"Collis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. 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