{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:16:41Z","timestamp":1760231801887,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,7]],"date-time":"2022-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Damien Foundation. Boulevard L\u00e9opold II, P. O. Box: 263108, Brussels, Belgium"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The standard of care for cutaneous leishmaniasis includes the intramuscular\/intravenous administration of pentavalent antimonials that are toxic and poorly tolerated. Primary health care usually lacks trained health staff for the diagnosis and treatment of leishmaniasis in Cochabamba Bolivia. Taking these aspects into account, a Bolivian consortium set out to explore the intralesional administration of meglumine antimoniate to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis during primary care under programmatic conditions. A four-step strategy consisting of clinical training for intralesional treatment and the promotion and periodic follow-up of health staff was carried out. The training process was applied in situ to personnel of nine primary health care centres. The intralesional treatment was applied five times every other day. Clinical follow-up after six-months of treatment showed a 77% healing proportion and 5% of therapeutic failure among 152 enrolled patients. The drug volume used in the intralesional procedure was on average 1.7 mL\/ulcer treated. In conclusion, the strategy used was successful and effective, accomplishing a healing proportion similar to the long standardized treatment with a reduced time of administration, no severe side effects, and it is feasible to conduct by trained health staff. Our study supports the current PAHO\/WHO recommendation for the intralesional administration of pentavalent antimonials for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed7100286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T06:13:27Z","timestamp":1665468807000},"page":"286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Intralesional Meglumine Antimoniate: Safe, Feasible and Effective Therapy for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Bolivia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8959-9624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernesto","family":"Rojas Cabrera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de Medicina Tropical (CUMETROP), Universidad Mayor de San Sim\u00f3n, Cochabamba P.O. Box 3023, Bolivia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7896-9952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleida","family":"Verduguez-Orellana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de Medicina Tropical (CUMETROP), Universidad Mayor de San Sim\u00f3n, Cochabamba P.O. Box 3023, Bolivia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Igberto J.","family":"Tordoya-Titichoca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dami\u00e1n Foreign Foundation, Cochabamba P.O. Box 1256, Bolivia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ccoya","family":"Sejas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dami\u00e1n Foreign Foundation, Cochabamba P.O. Box 1256, Bolivia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8597-2842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebeca","family":"Ledezma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dami\u00e1n Foreign Foundation, Cochabamba P.O. Box 1256, Bolivia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leishmaniasis Regional Program, Secretary of Health, (SEDES, Cochabamba), Cochabamba P.O. Box 3000, Bolivia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1869-2362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jhonny","family":"Limachi-Choque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de Medicina Tropical (CUMETROP), Universidad Mayor de San Sim\u00f3n, Cochabamba P.O. Box 3023, Bolivia"},{"name":"Epidemiology Unit, Military Hospital of the Corporaci\u00f3n del Seguro Social Militar (COSSMIL), Cochabamba P.O. Box 1128, Bolivia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4209-0927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nimer","family":"Ortu\u00f1o-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Damien Foundation, Boulevard L\u00e9opold II, P.O. Box 263108 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marisol","family":"C\u00f3rdova Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de Medicina Tropical (CUMETROP), Universidad Mayor de San Sim\u00f3n, Cochabamba P.O. Box 3023, Bolivia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9753-5885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Guzman-Rivero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de Medicina Tropical (CUMETROP), Universidad Mayor de San Sim\u00f3n, Cochabamba P.O. Box 3023, Bolivia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022, September 09). Leishmaniasis. Key Facts. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/leishmaniasis."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Pan American Health Organization (2021). Leishmaniasis: Epidemiological Report of the Americas [Internet]. No. 10, December 2021, PAHO. 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