{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T15:00:05Z","timestamp":1793458805986,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,5]],"date-time":"2023-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["302222\/2016-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["302222\/2016-2"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["423836\/2018-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["423836\/2018-8"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["46360.673.28686.05082021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["46360.673.28686.05082021"]}]},{"name":"State of Para\u00edba (FAPESQ)","award":["302222\/2016-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["302222\/2016-2"]}]},{"name":"State of Para\u00edba (FAPESQ)","award":["423836\/2018-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["423836\/2018-8"]}]},{"name":"State of Para\u00edba (FAPESQ)","award":["46360.673.28686.05082021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["46360.673.28686.05082021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Leptospirosis is a major threat to public health worldwide; however, there is no study focused on global seropositivity in pigs. In this study, we grouped publications and performed a systematic review with meta-analysis to gather data related to swine leptospirosis seropositivity published globally. The search method initially used returned a total of 1183 results, of which 20 met all predefined criteria and were therefore included in this review. Meta-analysis with general data was performed and a combined seropositivity of 21.95% was found. Seropositivity was 36.40% in South America, 34.05% in North America, 22.18% in Africa, 17.40% in Oceania, 13.30% in Europe and 13.36% in Asia. The results suggest that there is high seropositivity for leptospirosis in pigs worldwide. Information compiled from this research is relevant to understanding the spread of leptospirosis globally. It is expected that these indicators will contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiology of the disease with a focus on its control and, consequently, on the reduction of cases in the human and animal population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed8030158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T01:35:30Z","timestamp":1678066530000},"page":"158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Global Seropositivity of Swine Leptospirosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Hosaneide","family":"Gomes de Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine (UAMV), Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Patos 58708-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e9cio Henrique","family":"Limeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine (UAMV), Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Patos 58708-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vit\u00f3ria","family":"Viviane Ferreira de Aquino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine (UAMV), Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Patos 58708-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9891-7842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vin\u00edcius","family":"Longo Ribeiro Vilela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Institute of Para\u00edba (IFPB), Sousa 58814-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clebert","family":"Jos\u00e9 Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine (UAMV), Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Patos 58708-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Severino","family":"Silvano dos Santos Higino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine (UAMV), Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Patos 58708-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina de Sousa Am\u00e9rico Batista","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine (UAMV), Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Patos 58708-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1777-7348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e9rgio Santos de","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine (UAMV), Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Patos 58708-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, H.S., Thanh, T.L., Ly, N.K., Nguyen-Viet, H., Thakur, K.K., and Grace, D. 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