{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T23:54:48Z","timestamp":1789257288689,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Department of Science and Technology\u2013Philippine Council for Health Research and Development (DOST-PCHRD) through the Student Research Support Fund (SRSF) Dissemination Grant"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Flaviviruses include virus species that are major public health threats worldwide. To determine the immunity landscape of these viruses, seroprevalence studies are often performed using IgG ELISA, which is a simple and rapid alternative to the virus neutralization test. In this review, we aim to describe the trends in flavivirus IgG ELISA-based serosurveys. A systematic literature review using six databases was performed to collate cohort and cross-sectional studies performed on the general population. A total of 204 studies were included in this review. The results show that most studies were performed on dengue virus (DENV), whereas Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) was the least studied. For geographic distribution, serosurveys followed known disease prevalence. Temporally, the number of serosurveys increased after outbreaks and epidemics except for JEV, for which studies were performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns. Commercial kits were more commonly used than in-house assays for DENV, West Nile Virus (WNV), and Zika virus (ZIKV). Overall, most studies employed an indirect ELISA format, and the choice of antigens varied per virus. This review shows that flavivirus epidemiology is related to the regional and temporal distribution of serosurveys. It also highlights that endemicity, cross-reactivities, and kit availabilities affect assay choice in serosurveys.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed8040224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T05:07:32Z","timestamp":1681362452000},"page":"224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Trends in ELISA-Based Flavivirus IgG Serosurveys: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9183-7612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatima Ericka S.","family":"Vista","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4535-8837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ourlad Alzeus G.","family":"Tantengco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines"},{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4766-8265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micah D.","family":"Dispo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danna Mae S.","family":"Opiso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian Luke D. C.","family":"Badua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John Patrick Z.","family":"Gerardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9877-1003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Raphael M.","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7854-7004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karol Ann T.","family":"Baldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7139-026X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Day-Yu","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie Michelle M.","family":"Dalmacio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Knipe, D.M., and Howley, P.M. 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