{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:04:46Z","timestamp":1760148286408,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)","award":["304472\/2021-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["304472\/2021-2"]}]},{"name":"Instituto Federal da Para\u00edba (IFPB)","award":["304472\/2021-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["304472\/2021-2"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["304472\/2021-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["304472\/2021-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies in equids that carry out traction work in Northeastern Brazil, and to establish the potential risk factors associated with seropositivity for these agents. Blood samples were collected from 322 traction equids (horses, donkeys and mules) in urban areas of 16 municipalities in the State of Para\u00edba, Brazil. The samples were sent for serological diagnosis using the Immunofluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT). Epidemiological questionnaires were given to the owners to assess the possible risk factors associated with infections. It was observed that 13.7% (44\/322, CI: 10.9\u201316.5) of the equids tested positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies and 5% (16\/322, CI: 2.6\u20137.4) tested positive for anti-N.\u00a0caninum antibodies. Conducting traction work for over four years was considered a risk factor associated with T. gondii infection (odds ratio: 6.050; CI: 4.38\u20138.54, p = 0.025). There were no risk factors associated with N. caninum infection. It was concluded that traction equids have a significant prevalence of anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies in urban areas in the State of Para\u00edba, with an identified risk factor for seropositivity for anti-T. gondii as conducting traction work for more than four years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed8040234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T01:42:39Z","timestamp":1681954959000},"page":"234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Anti-Neospora caninum Antibodies in Urban Traction Equids in Northeast Brazil: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Paulo Wbiratan Lopes","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pos-Graduating Program in Science and Animal Health, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos 58708-110, Para\u00edba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clarisse Silva Menezes","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia da Para\u00edba, Sousa 58814-000, Para\u00edba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto Alves","family":"Bezerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pos-Graduating Program in Science and Animal Health, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos 58708-110, Para\u00edba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felipe Boniedj Ventura","family":"Alvares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia da Para\u00edba, Sousa 58814-000, Para\u00edba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor Hugo Alves Sousa","family":"Formiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia da Para\u00edba, Sousa 58814-000, Para\u00edba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianne Rachel Domiciano Dantas","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pos-Graduating Program in Science and Animal Health, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos 58708-110, Para\u00edba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2762-6383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thais Ferreira","family":"Feitosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia da Para\u00edba, Sousa 58814-000, Para\u00edba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9891-7842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vin\u00edcius Longo Ribeiro","family":"Vilela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pos-Graduating Program in Science and Animal Health, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos 58708-110, Para\u00edba, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia da Para\u00edba, Sousa 58814-000, Para\u00edba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"425","article-title":"An\u00e1lise biom\u00e9trica dos equinos utilizados para tra\u00e7\u00e3o no Munic\u00edpio de Mossor\u00f3\u2014RN, Brasil","volume":"9","author":"Tavares","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. 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