{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:11:06Z","timestamp":1760148666088,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,28]],"date-time":"2023-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Study on the prevalence of important infectious diseases in Africa","award":["2016 ZX10004222","2020-C4-0002-3","131031104000160004","2021\/1104003\u20130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016 ZX10004222","2020-C4-0002-3","131031104000160004","2021\/1104003\u20130"]}]},{"name":"China\u2013Africa cooperation project on malaria control","award":["2016 ZX10004222","2020-C4-0002-3","131031104000160004","2021\/1104003\u20130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016 ZX10004222","2020-C4-0002-3","131031104000160004","2021\/1104003\u20130"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research","award":["2016 ZX10004222","2020-C4-0002-3","131031104000160004","2021\/1104003\u20130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016 ZX10004222","2020-C4-0002-3","131031104000160004","2021\/1104003\u20130"]}]},{"name":"UNICEF\/UNDP\/World Bank\/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR)","award":["2016 ZX10004222","2020-C4-0002-3","131031104000160004","2021\/1104003\u20130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016 ZX10004222","2020-C4-0002-3","131031104000160004","2021\/1104003\u20130"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: China was certified malaria-free by the World Health Organization on 30 June 2021. However, due to imported malaria, maintaining a malaria-free status in China is an ongoing challenge. There are critical gaps in the detection of imported malaria through the currently available tools, especially for non-falciparum malaria. In the study, a novel point-of-care Rapid Diagnostic Test designed for the detection of imported malaria infections was evaluated in the field. Methods: Suspected imported malaria cases reported from Guangxi and Anhui Provinces of China during 2018\u20132019 were enrolled to evaluate the novel RDTs. Diagnostic performance of the novel RDTs was evaluated based on its sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and Cohen\u2019s kappa coefficient, using polymerase chain reaction as the gold standard. The Additive and absolute Net Reclassification Index were calculated to compare the diagnostic performance between the novel RDTs and Wondfo RDTs (control group). Results: A total of 602 samples were tested using the novel RDTs. Compared to the results of PCR, the novel RDTs presented sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy rates of 78.37%, 95.05%, 94.70%, 79.59%, and 86.21%, respectively. Among the positive samples, the novel RDTs found 87.01%, 71.31%, 81.82%, and 61.54% of P. falciparum, P. ovale, P. vivax, and P. malariae, respectively. The ability to detect non-falciparum malaria did not differ significantly between the novel and Wondfo RDTs (control group). However, Wondfo RDTs can detect more P. falciparum cases than the novel RDTs (96.10% vs. 87.01%, p &lt; 0.001). After the introduction of the novel RDTs, the value of the additive and absolute Net Reclassification Index is 1.83% and 1.33%, respectively. Conclusions: The novel RDTs demonstrated the ability to distinguish P. ovale and P. malariae from P. vivax which may help to improve the malaria post-elimination surveillance tools in China.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed8060296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,28]],"date-time":"2023-05-28T15:29:52Z","timestamp":1685287792000},"page":"296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluation of an Innovative Point-of-Care Rapid Diagnostic Test for the Identification of Imported Malaria Parasites in China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Kangming","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230601, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Sui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown School, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230601, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingjun","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shenning","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Cotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malaria Elimination Initiative, Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94109, USA"},{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Uppsala University, 75309 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Duoquan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China"},{"name":"School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3172-5218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shizhu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China"},{"name":"School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022). 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