{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:17:28Z","timestamp":1760149048984,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,25]],"date-time":"2023-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo (FAPESP)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201513924-1","2017\/07070","2021\/10212-1","1156\/2014","304391\/202.2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201513924-1","2017\/07070","2021\/10212-1","1156\/2014","304391\/202.2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Superintend\u00eancia de Controle de Endemias (SUCEN)","award":["201513924-1","2017\/07070","2021\/10212-1","1156\/2014","304391\/202.2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201513924-1","2017\/07070","2021\/10212-1","1156\/2014","304391\/202.2"]}]},{"name":"CNPq","award":["201513924-1","2017\/07070","2021\/10212-1","1156\/2014","304391\/202.2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201513924-1","2017\/07070","2021\/10212-1","1156\/2014","304391\/202.2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sylvatic yellow fever (SYF) was recently a health issue in Brazil (2016\u20132019) because transmission was facilitated by a high density of vectors, amplifying hosts, and low vaccine coverage of the human population, especially in urban forests in the Southeast Region of Brazil. Moreover, urban forest edges are more likely to have contact between human and sylvatic vector mosquito populations. Here, we show the association between abiotic and biotic features of tree holes as Haemagogus leucocelaenus rearing sites in Cantareira State Park in Atlantic Forest edges. The analyzed physical features of the tree holes were diameter at breast height, tree hole opening diameter, depth, trunk diameter, tree hole volume, collected volume, height (varying from 0.02 to 4.2 m above ground), and the presence of Culicidae species other than Hg. leucocelaenus. We analyzed 105 positive and 68 negative water samples for larval presence and found no differences between them, suggesting the lack of specific physical characteristics in these categories. Hg. leucocelaenus larval abundance was correlated with the collected volume and opening diameter of tree holes. The tree species that most represented negative breeding sites were Euplassa cantareirae, Guarea macrophylla, Psychotria suterella, and Tibouchina pulchra. Four significant clusters as areas with a high risk of SYV were identified by Get-Ordis spatial analysis. Although Hg. leucocelaenus larvae were found in tree holes with high water levels, their occurrence was regulated by that of other mosquito species. Our findings contribute to clarifying immature vector ecology in tree holes related to human exposure to SYF in urban forest edges.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed8070337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T03:14:56Z","timestamp":1687749296000},"page":"337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Physical Attributes of Tree Holes in the Atlantic Forest Edges: Evaluating Their Association with the Presence and Abundance of Immature Haemagogus leucocelaenus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9688-5266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa Maria","family":"Tubaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Entomologia M\u00e9dica, Instituto Pasteur da Secretaria Estadual de Sa\u00fade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 01027-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regiane Maria Tironi","family":"de Menezes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Entomologia M\u00e9dica, Instituto Pasteur da Secretaria Estadual de Sa\u00fade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 01027-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1241-3585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana Rocha","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozo\u00e1rios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 17700-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raquel Gardini Sanches","family":"Palasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-090, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osny Tadeu","family":"de Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, Secretaria de Infraestrutura e Meio Ambiente, S\u00e3o Paulo 90690-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Batista","family":"Baitello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, Secretaria de Infraestrutura e Meio Ambiente, S\u00e3o Paulo 90690-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vagner Oliveira","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Superintend\u00eancia de Controle de Endemias, Secret\u00e1ria Estadual da Sa\u00fade, S\u00e3o Paulo 74605-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia","family":"Balbino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Superintend\u00eancia de Controle de Endemias, Secret\u00e1ria Estadual da Sa\u00fade, S\u00e3o Paulo 74605-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2686-8740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Chiaravalloti-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-090, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade (MS) (2019). 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Hyg."}],"container-title":["Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2414-6366\/8\/7\/337\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:00:07Z","timestamp":1760126407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2414-6366\/8\/7\/337"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,25]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["tropicalmed8070337"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/tropicalmed8070337","relation":{},"ISSN":["2414-6366"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2414-6366"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,25]]}}}