{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T03:22:53Z","timestamp":1789183373921,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CEA-AGIR (Centre d\u2019Exellence Africain \u201cEnvironnement, Sant\u00e9, Soci\u00e9t\u00e9)-Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta DIOP"},{"name":"Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche Vecteurs Infections Tropicales et M\u00e9diterran\u00e9ennes (VITROME) Campus UCAD\/IRD de Hann"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bulinus snails surviving drought play a key role in the seasonal transmission of urogenital schistosomiasis, although our knowledge of their adaptation to dry season is still limited. We investigated the survival dynamic and infestation by the Schistosoma haematobium of Bulinus snails during the dry and rainy seasons in a single pond in an area of seasonal schistosomiasis transmission in Senegal. During the rainy season, 98 (94.23%) B. senegalensis and six (5.76%) B. umbilicatus were collected, respectively. In the dry season, B. umbilicatus outnumbered B. senegalensis, but all five (100%) B. senegalensis collected were viable and alive after the interruption of aestivation by immersion in water, while only 7 of 24 (29.16%) B. umbilicatus collected emerged from their dormant state. The rate of infestation with S. haeamatobium during the rainy season was 18.2% (19\/104), while all the viable snails collected during the dry season were negative. B. senegalensis and B. umbilicatus have different seasonal dynamics with no evidence of maintaining S. haematobium infestation during the drought. Further studies including more survey sites and taking account both snails biology and ecological conditions are needed to better understand snail adaptation to seasonal changes and their ability to maintain S. haeamatobium infestation during drought.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed9060121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T06:54:09Z","timestamp":1716360849000},"page":"121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Exploring the Adaptation of Bulinus senegalensis and Bulinus umbilicatus to the Dry and Rainy Season in Ephemeral Pond in Niakhar (Senegal), an Area of Seasonal Transmission of Urogenital Schistosomiasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Diara","family":"Sy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EMR MINES: Maladies Infectieuses, N\u00e9glig\u00e9es et \u00c9mergentes au Sud, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Campus International Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement-Universit\u00e9-Cheikh Anta Diop of Hann, Dakar BP 1386, Senegal"},{"name":"EMR MINES Maladies Infectieuses, N\u00e9glig\u00e9es et \u00c9mergentes au Sud, Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Senghor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EMR MINES: Maladies Infectieuses, N\u00e9glig\u00e9es et \u00c9mergentes au Sud, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Campus International Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement-Universit\u00e9-Cheikh Anta Diop of Hann, Dakar BP 1386, Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheikh","family":"Sokhna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EMR MINES: Maladies Infectieuses, N\u00e9glig\u00e9es et \u00c9mergentes au Sud, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Campus International Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement-Universit\u00e9-Cheikh Anta Diop of Hann, Dakar BP 1386, Senegal"},{"name":"EMR MINES Maladies Infectieuses, N\u00e9glig\u00e9es et \u00c9mergentes au Sud, Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mamadou Aliou","family":"Diallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EMR MINES: Maladies Infectieuses, N\u00e9glig\u00e9es et \u00c9mergentes au Sud, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Campus International Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement-Universit\u00e9-Cheikh Anta Diop of Hann, Dakar BP 1386, Senegal"},{"name":"Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Universit\u00e9-Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar BP 5005, Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Am\u00e9l\u00e9 Nyedzie","family":"Wotodjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EMR MINES: Maladies Infectieuses, N\u00e9glig\u00e9es et \u00c9mergentes au Sud, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Campus International Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement-Universit\u00e9-Cheikh Anta Diop of Hann, Dakar BP 1386, Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doudou","family":"Sow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Unit\u00e9 de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis BP 234, Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souleymane","family":"Doucoure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EMR MINES: Maladies Infectieuses, N\u00e9glig\u00e9es et \u00c9mergentes au Sud, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Campus International Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement-Universit\u00e9-Cheikh Anta Diop of Hann, Dakar BP 1386, Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pennance, T., Archer, J., Lugli, E.B., Rostron, P., Llanwarne, F., Ali, S.M., Amour, A.K., Suleiman, K.R., Li, S., and Rollinson, D. 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