{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T02:49:58Z","timestamp":1793760598051,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]],"date-time":"2024-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MCTIC\/CNPq N\u00b0 28\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MCTIC\/CNPq N\u00b0 28\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TropicalMed"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infective endocarditis (IE) associated with implantable cardiac devices (ICD) is a serious disease with high mortality rates. The increased number of ICD implants has led to increased ICD infection rates. The aim of this study was to characterize clinical, laboratory profiles and the prognosis of cardiac-device-related endocarditis (CDIE), as well as to identify predictors of in-hospital death. A total of 274 patients with IE were included in a prospective cohort (2007\u20132019). From these, 82 patients (30%) had CDIE (46 pacemakers, 23 cardioverter defibrillators, and 13 cardiac resynchronization therapy devices). Predisposed conditions; clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic parameters; etiologic agents; and in-hospital outcomes were evaluated. The mean age was 55.8 \u00b1 16.4 years, where 64.6% were male. Among the clinical manifestations at diagnosis, the most prevalent were heart failure (67.9%), fever (60.5%), anorexia\/hyporexia (44.4%), and heart murmur (37.5%). The median serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level at diagnosis was 63 mg\/L (interquartile range [IQR] 20\u2013161). Etiological agents were identified through positive blood cultures in 55% of cases. The main etiologic agents were negative-coagulase staphylococci (19.5%) and Staphylococcus aureus (18.3%). Vegetation was identified in 74 patients (90.1%). In-hospital mortality was 28%. CRP concentrations at diagnosis were identified as markers of disease severity (odds ratio [OR] 1.006; 95%CI 1.001\u20131.011; p = 0.016), and the worsening of heart failure was associated with unfavorable outcomes (OR 3.105; 95%CI 1.397\u20136.902; p = 0.005). Unlike what is traditionally accepted, CDIE does not have a better prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed9090193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T01:48:49Z","timestamp":1724636929000},"page":"193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Predictors of Mortality in Patients with Cardiac Device-Related Infective Endocarditis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Gustavo Brand\u00e3o","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Aplicadas \u00e0 Sa\u00fade do Adulto, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2283-1385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabela Galizzi","family":"Fae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Aplicadas \u00e0 Sa\u00fade do Adulto, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4414-0537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vin\u00edcius Tostes","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9579-5203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Henrique Oliveira Murta","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Aplicadas \u00e0 Sa\u00fade do Adulto, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roni Arley Silva","family":"Duque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 110, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Alves","family":"Gelape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas de Minas Gerais, Alameda Ezequiel Dias, 275, Centro, Belo Horizonte 30130-110, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Sophya Leite","family":"Cambraia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilherme Lelis","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas Chaves","family":"Diamante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5063-3565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato","family":"Br\u00e1ulio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udio L\u00e9o","family":"Gelape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1289-5940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos Roberto","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 110, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9459-2294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa Cristina Abreu","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Aplicadas \u00e0 Sa\u00fade do Adulto, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8801-1828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Carmo Pereira","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Aplicadas \u00e0 Sa\u00fade do Adulto, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efig\u00eania, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cimmino, G., Bottino, R., Formisano, T., Orlandi, M., Molinari, D., Sperlongano, S., Castaldo, P., D\u2019Elia, S., Carbone, A., and Palladino, A. 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Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2008.603","article-title":"Clinical presentation, etiology, and outcome of infective endocarditis in the 21st century: The International Collaboration on Endocarditis\u2013Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"169","author":"Murdoch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00067-7","article-title":"Infective endocarditis","volume":"387","author":"Cahill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.06.024","article-title":"Profile of infective endocarditis at a tertiary care center in Brazil during a seven-year period: Prognostic factors and in-hospital outcome","volume":"14","author":"Nunes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. 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Med."}],"container-title":["Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2414-6366\/9\/9\/193\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:42:55Z","timestamp":1760110975000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2414-6366\/9\/9\/193"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["tropicalmed9090193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/tropicalmed9090193","relation":{},"ISSN":["2414-6366"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2414-6366","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]]}}}