{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:09:39Z","timestamp":1790359779519,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":215,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]],"date-time":"2017-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004099","name":"Ligue Contre le Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EL2013-3 Mahieux"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EL2013-3 Mahieux"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004099","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004099","name":"Ligue Contre le Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PhD grant to NF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PhD grant to NF"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004099","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Going back to their discovery in the early 1980s, both the Human T-cell Leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV-1) greatly fascinated the virology scene, not only because they were the first human retroviruses discovered, but also because they were associated with fatal diseases in the human population. In almost four decades of scientific research, both viruses have had different fates, HTLV-1 being often upstaged by HIV-1. However, although being very close in terms of genome organization, cellular tropism, and viral replication, HIV-1 and HTLV-1 are not completely commutable in terms of treatment, especially because of the opposite fate of the cells they infect: death versus immortalization, respectively. Nowadays, the antiretroviral therapies developed to treat HIV-1 infected individuals and to limit HIV-1 spread among the human population have a poor or no effect on HTLV-1 infected individuals, and thus, do not prevent the development of HTLV-1-associated diseases, which still lack highly efficient treatments. The present review mainly focuses on the course of HTLV-1 infection, from the initial infection of the host to diseases development and associated treatments, but also investigates HIV-1\/HTLV-1 co-infection events and their impact on diseases development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v10010001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]],"date-time":"2017-12-21T12:16:14Z","timestamp":1513858574000},"page":"1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["HTLV-1, the Other Pathogenic Yet Neglected Human Retrovirus: From Transmission to Therapeutic Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Futsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111\u2014Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure de Lyon, Universit\u00e9 Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France"},{"name":"Equipe labellis\u00e9e \u201cLigue Nationale Contre le Cancer\u201d, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renaud","family":"Mahieux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111\u2014Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure de Lyon, Universit\u00e9 Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France"},{"name":"Equipe labellis\u00e9e \u201cLigue Nationale Contre le Cancer\u201d, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Dutartre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111\u2014Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure de Lyon, Universit\u00e9 Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France"},{"name":"Equipe labellis\u00e9e \u201cLigue Nationale Contre le Cancer\u201d, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7415","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.12.7415","article-title":"Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma","volume":"77","author":"Poiesz","year":"1980","journal-title":"Proc. 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