{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T11:16:42Z","timestamp":1790421402531,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":159,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,26]],"date-time":"2018-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI104920"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI104920"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Paneth cells are major secretory cells located in the crypts of Lieberk\u00fchn in the small intestine. Our understanding of the diverse roles that Paneth cells play in homeostasis and disease has grown substantially since their discovery over a hundred years ago. Classically, Paneth cells have been characterized as a significant source of antimicrobial peptides and proteins important in host defense and shaping the composition of the commensal microbiota. More recently, Paneth cells have been shown to supply key developmental and homeostatic signals to intestinal stem cells in the crypt base. Paneth cell dysfunction leading to dysbiosis and a compromised epithelial barrier have been implicated in the etiology of Crohn\u2019s disease and susceptibility to enteric bacterial infection. Our understanding of the impact of Paneth cells on viral infection is incomplete. Enteric \u03b1-defensins, produced by Paneth cells, can directly alter viral infection. In addition, \u03b1-defensins and other antimicrobial Paneth cell products may modulate viral infection indirectly by impacting the microbiome. Here, we discuss recent insights into Paneth cell biology, models to study their function, and the impact, both direct and indirect, of Paneth cells on enteric viral infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v10050225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,27]],"date-time":"2018-04-27T06:52:23Z","timestamp":1524811943000},"page":"225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Paneth Cells during Viral Infection and Pathogenesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Mayumi K.","family":"Holly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Box 357735, 1705 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6727-5269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason G.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Box 357735, 1705 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2389","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.6.2389-2395.1997","article-title":"Localization of human intestinal defensin 5 in Paneth cell granules","volume":"65","author":"Porter","year":"1997","journal-title":"Infect. 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