{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T06:09:35Z","timestamp":1772604575126,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]],"date-time":"2018-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81571962"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81571962"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DA042373"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DA042373"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DA041302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DA041302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Bowman\u2012Birk inhibitor (BBI), a protease inhibitor derived from soybeans, has been extensively studied in anti-tumor and anti-inflammation research. We recently reported that BBI has an anti-HIV-1 property in primary human macrophages. Because HSV-2 infection plays a role in facilitating HIV-1 sexual transmission, we thus examined whether BBI has the ability to inhibit HSV-2 infection. We demonstrated that BBI could potently inhibit HSV-2 replication in human cervical epithelial cells (End1\/E6E7). This BBI-mediated HSV-2 inhibition was partially through blocking HSV-2-mediated activation of NF-\u03baB and p38 MAPK pathways. In addition, BBI could activate the JAK\/STAT pathway and enhance the expression of several antiviral interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Furthermore, BBI treatment of End1\/E6E7 cells upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins and reduced HSV-2-mediated cellular ubiquitinated proteins\u2019 degradation through suppressing the ubiquitin\u2012proteasome system. These observations indicate that BBI may have therapeutic potential for the prevention and treatment of HSV-2 infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v10100557","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]],"date-time":"2018-10-12T10:54:03Z","timestamp":1539341643000},"page":"557","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Bowman\u2012Birk Inhibitor Suppresses Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection of Human Cervical Epithelial Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi-Qiu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Biao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng-Zhen","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1439-455X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Zhe","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1332802","article-title":"Maternal and neonatal herpes simplex virus infections","volume":"30","author":"Pinninti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. 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